If you use these data in a publication, presentation, or other research product please use the following citation: South Dakota is home to both the white-tailed and mule deer. 2009. White-tailed deer are classified as the species Odocoileus virginianus, the Virginia white-tailed deer. Wyoming Game & Fish Department: Deer Hunting. Geography/TIGER or American FactFinder.. When Europeans first came to America, they found deer a plentiful resource in most states. Deer were in trouble in Florida with low populations between the 1700s and 1940s due to unregulated hide trading, hunting and a cattle-fever tick scare that caused mass deer removal. The mule deer is a generalist and will forage on whatever is available. Part of what helped this rebound was less agriculture, which allowed the land to revert back to mixed woodland which deer prefer. SET OPTIONS. By 1930 less than 500 deer remained. Historical data from Tennessee suggests that there has been no negative impact on the herd due to lower buck limits (11-buck limit pre-1998, 3-buck limit post-1998). "We saw a record harvest for the 2020-21 deer season of 216,835," said Ralph Meeker, deer program coordinator with the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. These population trends and goals should continue into the near future. Long story short, conservation and advances in wildlife management brought the deer back. But, when its all said and done and the numbers shake out, Iowa only has 6.3 deer per square mile. Plant them closer to your house, and put a border around them of stronger smelling plants such as lavender, mint or garlic. Providing Central Access to USDAs Open Research Data, POLYGON ((-97.79296785593 49.08969639239, -93.39843660593 28.528552436928, -89.35546785593 29.604028198331, -84.7265625 29.840643899834, -83.3203125 28.921631282421, -81.26953035593 24.599077513253, -80.068359375 25.562265014427, -79.33593660593 26.50203882611, -81.09374910593 30.970072870503, -75.29296785593 35.668007004069, -74.00390625 39.504040705584, -69.873046875 41.640078384679, -70.048828125 43.389081939117, -67.03124910593 45.3922778262, -67.91015535593 47.57059587168, -82.49999910593 42.481820059448, -84.60937410593 46.974255311628, -88.30078035593 48.627099373266)). The main deer population in Utah is mule deer, with a 2021 estimate of 314,850. They are allowed to be hunted and in the 2017-2018 season just over 3,000 were harvested. When alarmed, white-tailed deer will raise their tail straight up, flashing the white. Trying to figure out their population in the state is challenging due to the remote and densely forested areas where they live. Found in forests as well as the suburbs, deer are often thought to have spiritual meaning and can bring nature close to home since they are often seen in backyards and neighborhoods. Connecticut DEEP: hunting and trapping information. The state reports that in areas where hunting is allowed and accessible, deer numbers are well balanced. Deer are browsers, eating young vegetation and twigs of shrubs and young trees. Therefore, QDM is best left as a management tool utilized by individual hunters and/or landowners. This number can drift up and down depending on the severity of the winter and how many harsh or mild winters there may be in a row. Key deer are the smallest subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America, weighing only about 55-65 pounds. (original article) Quality Deer Management Association. Deer Harvesting Rates Determining the Best Counties This map below is a comparison between the counties in Tennessee with the highest deer population density and the highest harvest rates. Our mission at Wildlife Informer is to share free information and pictures of wildlife with our readers. Efforts at management started as early as 1917 to save the remaining population. The Vermont fish & wildlife page reports that the pre-hunt estimate for white-tailed deer population in the state was approximately 133,000. This has rebounded from the estimated 10,000 deer in 1900. This flash can alert other deer that danger has been spotted, and is known as flagging. CREATE YOUR TENNESSEE DENSITY MAP IN 3 STEPS! July 1, 2022 |Timber 2 Table Wild Game Recipes, November 3, 2016 |Brow Tines and Backstrap. Where found: Coastal areas of the U.S. along the Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico. Seems to me (statistically) the place would eventually be hunted out. Its also important to know certain areas will have concentrations of deer. In Vermont they also prefer the valley areas that have a mix of forest and fields. QDMA Whitetail Report, 2009. Louisiana Wildlife & Fisheries: Deer Research, Management and Reports. In the early 1900s not many deer remained in Alabama after overhunting, estimates were down to about 2,000. The 2021 estimate for mule deer is 249,691. Deer Seasons and Bag Limits - 2022-2023 1. They will spend the summer in higher elevations, then travel down to lower elevations during the winter. These sika deer were originally from Japan and were released from private property in Maryland during the early 1900s. While deer farms are fenced, escapes of captive deer and elk occur when fences are damaged by storms. Deer Per Square Mile: 9.4 As you can see, populations drop drastically from the No. After many years of stability, the state reports deer population trended downwards between 2003 and 2015. Importing of white-tailed deer from Michigan began in 1930 to strategic habitats. Crossbows are legal during the entire archery season on both the Kentucky and Tennessee portions of LBL. Sounds good for hunters, but populations this high can be problematic. Density mapping using GIS tools has become relatively easy to do. 2021 data shows an estimated mule deer population of about 84,000 90,000 in Nevada. The mule deer population has been in decline since 1980, decreasing from 300,000 to todays estimate of 170,000 190,000 in 2020. Because of this permits and licenses are becoming more flexible opening up new opportunities for the states hunters. The estimated all-time low whitetail deer population numbers in Louisiana was about 20,000 in 1925. Maine Department of Inland Fisheries & Wildlife: White-tailed deer in Maine. Things began to turn around when state refuges were created and periodic deer stocking occurred. This coupled with careful management clearly has allowed deer in Mississippi to make an impressive comeback. This map is intended as a guide only, and its content is subject to change without notice. Deer friendly reports a white-tailed deer population of 72,900 in 2019 based on hunting data. A 2021 estimate puts mule deer at a population of between 90,000 130,000. Their size can vary greatly dependent on their location. Coverage of the state was relatively complete during this effort, and deer populations were successfully established statewide (Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency 1991). However world-wide there are 26 known subspecies, with 17 of those occurring in the U.S. I cant speak from experience, because Ive never hunted there. The white-tailed deer is native to North America, Central America and parts of South America. This state isnt what it once was. Most people think of the Midwest as the gold standard of the deer hunting world. Copy-Paste or input your values into our Excel template. Found in forests as well as the suburbs, deer are often thought to have spiritual meaning and can bring nature close to home since they are often seen in backyards and neighborhoods. For both species females are smaller than the males. A 2018 estimate puts the white-tailed deer estimate around 18,000 for Rhode Island. 6 to 7 spot. Oregon Department of Fish & Game: how to hunt deer and elk in Oregon. I was blessed to take a beautiful 8-point buck. Like other deer species they grow new antlers each spring and shed them during the winter. (3.63 psm) Basically total reported deer kill is 40% of the total deer . Coming in slightly lower than Texas, with 14.4 deer per square mile, you cant exclude it from the list. Currently about 110,000 deer are harvested each year in the state. Three of those are abundant enough to hunt, the white-tailed deer, mule deer and black-tailed deer. The white-tailed deer is Tennessee's most popular big game animal. I could not find a specific estimate for the smaller white-tailed deer population. While their historic range expanded further east, today you can find them in western Oregon, northern California, Washington, the Alaskan panhandle and areas of British Columbia. However, thats still a decent number. This helps them avoid the harsher high elevation winter conditions such as deeper snow that covers up food. This number doubled over five years and in 1996, hunters poured in over $909,687,000 to the local economy. While populations still continue to fluctuate due to habitat loss, weather, disease and other factors, it remains in the hundreds of thousands. Minnesota only harbors 9.4 deer per square mile. However the accompanying article states estimates are likely conservative. Another plains state, we see virtually the same story as in Oklahoma. This remains pretty average for the states deer population over the last 20 years which has ranged from about 115,000 to 160,000. On the other hand, hunting them provides food for many and their meat is very prized. Go here for more on deer hunting in Wisconsin. https://fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/webservice/oaipmh, National Agricultural Library Thesaurus Term, Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States This data publication includes vector digital data files containing white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) densities during 1982, 1994-1999, and 2001-2005 in the continental United States. The overall size, length, and branches on antlers depends on how well-fed the deer is, how old it is, and some is just genetics. Black-tailed deer in their native Pacific northwest range live in dense coastal rainforest and semi-open habitats including riparian forest (along river banks) and areas of tangled shrubs and thicket. The largest deer are often found along the northern portions of their range, while the tiny Key Deer of Florida barely make it to 100 pounds. Careful management slowly brought the population back and by 1985 hunters were able to harvest 32,000 deer. The most recent estimate I could find for West Virginias white-tailed deer population was about 550,000 in 2017. This is one of those states that really offers great deer hunting. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources: hunting in Utah. They are an attractive deer with a bright orange-brown coat covered in white spots, much like the fawn of white-tailed deer. Land area updated every 10 years. I dont blame them. White-tailed deer can be found throughout the state while mule deer are mainly found around and to the west of the Missouri River breaks. Arkansas Game & Fish Commission: deer hunting information. The lower deer density is also reflected in lower harvest numbers just as is the case in Region 3. The mule deer working group estimates the 2021 mule deer population at 330,700. The total deer estimate for the state in recent years is about 280,000 300,000. Their population is recovering due to prohibiting antlerless harvest for a few years and milder winters. Click here for more information on deer hunting in Iowa. It should not be interpreted as representing legal property boundaries. To get this data, we simply divided the states deer populations by their total number of claimed square miles. White-tailed deer are generalists, thriving in a variety of habitat types. Unfortunately, this is also where the majority of the states human population live, and too many deer can increase car crashes and crop loss. White tailed deer are found throughout the state, with the highest numbers in eastern half. The sika deer population is mainly found along coastal regions and is much lower than the white-tailed deer. Over time this heavy hunting and habitat loss took a real toll. Put up a fence but it has to be tall. Estimated Harvest by Species. Iowa Department of Natural Resources: Deer hunting information. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2019-0053. Advertisement The region as a whole had a harvest of 20,546 deer. In late winter and spring when the male is courting females, he has a white forehead, bright blue face, and scarlet neck. Turkey Interactive Turkey Harvest Map (Mobile-Friendly Version) Hunter Harvest Surveys. The Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife estimated a population of 1 million white-tailed deer at the start of the 2020-21 hunting season. But everyone I talk to who has, heralds this state as one of the best in the country. Some might ask what the perfect number is. Whether you need to know how to test the soil in your food plot, tighten the groups from your crossbow, or scope out the latest on that big buck you saw online, you've landed around the right campfire. The most recent number listed on the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Parks site estimates 1.75 million white-tailed deer in the state. And here comes the biggest shock of all. In the early 1900s laws regulating deer hunting were passed but did little good as they went unenforced for the most part. Coincidence? Black-tailed deer have a white patch on rump, which their tail mostly covers. During this time anyone could hunt deer and they were often a life line, providing meat and skin to the early settlers. Customize the settings according to your preferences. Market hunting decimated the states population by the late 1800s. The farmland sites contain 4 major outliers: Indian Creek, Killdeer Plains, Lake La Su An, and Deer Creek, which all have estimated densities of over 100 deer per square mile. White-tailed deer are even found in urban and suburban areas. Alternatively, yearling males disperse away from their mother; which is thought to prevent inbreeding. In 1927 a huge flood in the eastern part of the state forced deer into small areas of high ground where they were unfortunately picked off by opportunistic hunters. Their successful strategy has brought the estimated deer population today to about 500,000. In Tennessee, white-tailed deer are found throughout the entire State. As recently as 1968 the in-state population estimate was only 25,000, but through conservation and management by 1990 that number skyrocketed to 100,000. However, that's still a decent number. The first game laws restricting hunting went into effect in 1853. Mule deer are found in the central mountains and southern deserts of the state, while white-tailed deer are most populous in the northern forested areas. I merged the data together to find the total area of land that can support a mountain lion and then limited the federal data to just Tennessee using the intersect tool. The Deer density map shows our area to have at best 30 deer per sq. A separate mule deer survey put the mule deer population in 2021 at 53,400, so it would appear the large majority of deer in Kansas are white-tailed. Both Fayette County and Hardeman County have seen significant increases in prevalence since 2018. Outdoor Alabama: Deer hunting information and regulations. The top of their tail is brown, but the underside is very fluffy and white. Today Arkansas enjoys plenty of deer, with a 2020 estimate of 900,000 white-tailed deer. The map is intended to reflect the approximate boundaries of the TWRA Huntable Lands generally available for the use of sportsmen/sportswomen with proper licenses. A deer stocking program began in 1932 and continued for nearly 30 years. The map is intended to reflect the approximate boundaries of the TWRA Huntable Lands generally available for the use of sportsmen/sportswomen with proper licenses. Read more about white-tailed deer in Michigan at Michigan.gov. Kansas Department of Wildlife & Parks: deer hunting information. That said, dont take anything away from Kansas, because it continues to be one of the best states in the entire country. Antlers are vascular extensions of the skull covered with hairy skin, called velvet, during the growing period. Population expansion is expected at about 1-2% each year in the near future, how some areas of middle and west Tennessee may be trying to lower the deer numbers to a more manageable level. Total deer killed in a county (wilkinson) (1644) divided by the # of total land square miles (452) in that county ,taking into account that the total legal reported harvest should be 35% of the total deer killed and another 5% for road kill,predation. Sitka are the smaller subspecies weighing between 80 120 pounds. While statewide estimates are gained mainly through harvest data, in 2021 a thermal imaging drone was flown over Arlington in efforts to gain more accurate data. They also said that a significant portion of that population was found in east Tennessee. To browse or use data from this site, no account is necessary! Within these two high-prevalence counties, the disease is not distributed evenly, and . There is also a population of white-tailed deer in Utah, however I could not find any credible estimates other than 1,000 back in 2008. Fewer deer means more food for other deer, which leads to healthier and bigger animals. 2021 seemed to show a higher-than-usual occurrence of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), but at the time of writing this article is is unclear if it will significantly impact the states overall deer population. With no natural predators the population boomed. Lastly, parasites (e.g., ticks) commonly associated with deer can present human health challenges. The state department of wildlife and fisheries began to manage deer by setting hunting seasons and restocking in the late 1940s. Its important to understand that within these states, actual populations will be different. Read more about New Yorks deer abundance on the DEC site here. As part of the states deer management plan, the state is divided up into numbered permit areas, each with their own deer population goal. Fluorescent orange is required in Unit CWD. According to this article, the DNREC estimated the deer population at the start of the 2020-21 season at 45,000 white-tailed deer. But it is a really solid figure. We sent samples to Wildlife . To submit, please register and login first. The Alabama Department of Conservation and other groups began restocking white-tailed deer as early as the 1930s, with most of the restocking efforts happening during the 50s and 60s. New Mexicos game & fish page states that while poor conditions in the early 2000s suppressed deer numbers, things have since improved and today populations are stable with most experiencing growth. Factors causing deer populations to grow in recent years include expansion of homes into rural areas that are hospitable for deer but are not suitable for hunting. The mule deer working group lists the 2021 population in the badlands at 21,000. Does 2.5 years of age and older in high-quality habitats generally have two fawns, whereas their 1.5-year-old counterparts usually have only one. Turkey Harvest Report by County / WMA. Public Hunting Information; Leftover Tier 2 and Waterfowl Quota Hunt Permit Drawings; Manner & Means . The fabled Wisconsin is the sorts legends are made of. Deer density remains highest in the Tennessee portion of LBL. In recent years, the Agency's attention has turned to increasing and maintaining the doe harvest in order to control herd growth. The distribution of hunted deer is about 60% mule deer and 40% Coues deer. https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2019-0053. A small population has also been introduced on the island of Kaui, Hawaii. A 2021 article in the Press Herald quoted a state biologist as saying the 2019 whitetail deer population estimate was 230,000 250,000 and that today the numbers are likely closer to 280,000 300,000. Everyone wants to hunt there. The deer herd in middle and west Tennessee has reached the point in some areas where management efforts are focused at slowing or stabilizing herd growth, and sometimes reducing the overall size of the herd. Other states have deer and elk populations too, but some also have moose, mule deer and other big game cervids that sportsmen travel out of state to hunt. . And the numbers show its an incredible hunting destination. Because of restoration initiatives, effective game laws, and wise management, the deer herd in Tennessee has increased dramatically from approximately 2,000 deer in the 1940's to an estimated 900,000 animals in 2005. Hunting seasons, bag limits, deer restocking and habitat restoration are just a few of the management practices that sprung up. Zoom into the area you are interested in and click the Print button. The second most challenging aspect results from the lack of communication between the Agency and hunters. Most of the population growth in recent years has occurred in the southern half of the lower peninsula. Also the growth of suburbs that broke up large swaths of forested land into smaller chunks actually benefited the deer. 9 10 12 15 18 22 26 Arial Book Antiqua Courier New Georgia Hemorrhagic disease has not been found to be a danger to humans. Alaska Department of Fish & Game: deer hunting information and regulations. Well, that depends on the location and habitat type. While there, I witnessed a very healthy population of deer that seemed to be higher than this number. Those that dont could be even lower than the average. No, thats not at the top. And while Minnesota isn't what it used to be, it still does well and cranks out good harvest numbers each year. 8 with 7.7 deer per square mile. This means they fork as they grow. We have built the easiest Tennessee Heat Map Maker in the universe! Columbia Black-tailed deer (Northern California and Pacific Northwest). However Texas is also home to mule deer, who live in the Trans-Pecos and Panhandle regions. 2. Thus far they report that the harvest has not met the numbers they want, and the state is continuing to work on management strategies. There is a great timeline of deer management through the years on the wildlife departments website. Obviously, there are a few factors to this metric, such as the size of the state, the amount of urban vs. rural land, etc. According to this article in the Des Moines Register, the states estimate for whitetail deer population in 2020 was 445,000. 2. That said, like Kansas and Oklahoma, there is a lot of open ground in Iowa, much of which doesnt support large populations of deer. In Tennessee, white-tailed deer are found throughout the entire State. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. Despite these high harvests, the population still remains pretty stable. After the breeding season is over males will shed their antlers during the winter. Sitka overall have a darker coat than the Columbian. In Tennessee, they are classified as a species . Using object-based image analysis followed by random forests classification, we rapidly digitized choropleth maps of white-tailed deer densities, allowing access to deer density information stored in images. The endangered Columbian white-tailed deer are only found in the far southwestern corner of Washington along the lower Columbia River. Newborn deer, or fawns, have white spots on their coats that help camouflage them in the forest. The longest known mule deer migration occurs in Wyoming where deer travel 150 miles from the Red Desert to the mountain slopes around the Hoback Basin. This 2021 article in the Observer-Dispatch reports a white-tailed deer population of approximately 1.2 million. Ideally 8 feet and solid (not opaque). Purpose: Digitization of white-tailed deer densities during 1982 in the United States. The increasing deer population has been reflected in an increasing harvest, which was a record 179,542 deer during the 2004/05 season. Land area is based on current information in the . Black Bear Age Harvest Data. Iowa finds itself at No. Strict measure were taken to improve this, including closing all hunting for many years, restocking from other states, and cracking down on enforcing regulations. Learn more. They like to win big. Historically mountain lions and wolves helped to control the deer population, but with the absence of those predators today hunters are the only real population control. Whereas the size of white-tailed deer can vary greatly, mule deer dont show as much of a difference across their range. By the late 1800s and early 1900s, deer populations had plummeted across the country and some states were in danger of loosing deer entirely. Top 10 Booner States for Deer Hunting Since 2010, 10 Worst Deer Hunting States to Kill a Booner, Top 15 Deer Hunting States for Meat Hunters, The Best Way to Cook Chanterelle Mushrooms, 12 Reasons Why Your Venison Tastes Like Hell, Midwesterner Discovers Very Rare Melanistic Deer, Why an Old-School .30-06 Hunter is Switching to the 6.5 PRC, Southerners Shoot the Oldest Bucks, Texans Bag the Most Does, and More Highlights from the 2023 NDA Deer Report, Lost and Found: Neighbor Finds Hunters Huge Buck More Than a Year Later, Alabama Rut Kicking, Police Dog Saves Deer Hunter from Icy River, and More Deer Hunting News. Deer populations are actually higher than they were historically in many areas, or they are at the point of exceeding the carrying capacity of their local environment. States with the Highest Deer Density. Hunting expenditures in 2001 resulted in an economic impact of $654,682,000 (USFWS 2001). As you can see, populations drop drastically from the No. White-tailed Deer Hunting Units Unit A Unit A includes Bradley, Carter, Hamilton, Hawkins, Johnson, Knox, Loudon, Marion, McMinn, Meigs, Rhea, Roane, and Sullivan counties. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. Arizona Game & Fish: deer hunting rules and regulations. With the overall deer herd increasing at an estimated rate of 1-2% per year, and especially with the anticipated herd growth in eastern and far western Tennessee in the next few years, it will become more difficult to harvest the necessary number of does with little or no growth in hunter numbers. 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