Effect of methyldopa on prolactin and growth hormone. Removal of the implant may be very difficult or impossible if the implant is not where it should be. A few women who use birth control that contains hormones may get: If you feel you have a broken or bent implant, please contact your doctor. High blood pressure. If not treated, ectopic pregnancies can cause serious complications or could even be fatal. In men, high prolactin levels can cause: Milky . Kidney problems. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Visit .css-1idrb8y{color:var(--chakra-colors-text-link);}.css-1idrb8y:hover,.css-1idrb8y[data-hover]{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}www.fda.gov/medwatch or call 1-800-FDA-1088. Yes, Nexplanon can cause cramps or belly pain. It can also develop, to a lesser extent, with some . Lack of adverse interactions between concomitantly administered selegiline and citalopram. Drugs that block dopamine, for example, will cause a rise in prolactin levels. In most cases, the side effects subside after a few months. With the origin of mammals, prolactin became linked inextricably . removal of the implant due to the side effects. Ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency that often requires surgery. But if you have any symptoms that are ongoing or bother you, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. If the concern is osteoporosis, a bisphosphonate could be used. * In this article, we use the term female to refer to someones sex assigned at birth. What to Know About Birth Control Options That Stop Your Period, 6 Most Important Things to Consider When Choosing Your Birth Control, 8 of the Best Birth Control Options to Ease Heavy Periods, Birth Control for Endometriosis: How It Works, Types, and Alternatives, How Government and Religious Organizations Can Affect Your Birth Control Options, Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI. Other factors may also affect whether Nexplanon is a good treatment option for you. Tell your healthcare provider at least 4 weeks before if you are going to have surgery or will need to be on bed rest. These are more common in women as compared to men. pain when urinating, urinating more often than usual, low back or flank pain) trouble sleeping. But after Nexplanon became available for use, some people who got the implant reported having low libido. Prolactinomas occur most commonly in . Special procedures, including surgery in the hospital, may be needed to remove the implant. Examples include: If your doctor confirms youve had a mild allergic reaction to Nexplanon, theyll decide whether you should continue your treatment. You can then share this information with your doctor. Problems during insertion and removal. Here are the best online birth control delivery companies. What are the serious side effects of Nexplanon? This observation is validated through an abnormal response to Thyrotropin . For more information about side effects you could have when Nexplanon is inserted or removed, see the Side effects of Nexplanon insertion and removal section above. It is important to ensure that hyperprolactinemia in an individual patient is due to medication and not to a structural lesion in the hypothalamic/pituitary area. Hormonal birth control such as Nexplanon can cause your liver problems to get worse. Hyperprolactinemia can result from three major causes including stress-response, pharmacology, and pathologic etiologies. The effects of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. What are the mild side effects of Nexplanon? You'll be asked to wait a few minutes as the area begins to numb up. 1. This may include depression. serious depression, and. Verapamil-induced hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea. Some people in studies had the Nexplanon implant removed due to weight gain. Nexplanon can cause side effects that range from mild to serious. The entire process for the implant takes less than 30 minutes. The drug comes as an implant thats inserted under the skin of your arm by a healthcare professional. Its possible for Nexplanon to cause weight gain. Painful periods. What level of prolactin is significant? But they aren't your only option. For a general overview of the drug, including details about its uses, see this article. It releases the hormone progestin to stop you from getting pregnant. It is important to differentiate medication-induced hyperprolactinemia from pathological causes, such as PRL-producing tumors (prolactinomas), hypothalamic disease, hypothyroidism, and renal insufficiency. A change or stop in ovulation, due to changes in the production of hormones estrogen and progesterone. If you have questions about possible side effects, talk with your doctor. -Methyldopa causes moderate hyperprolactinemia, possibly by inhibiting the enzyme aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase, which is responsible for converting L-dopa to dopamine, and by acting as a false neurotransmitter to decrease dopamine synthesis. Levels of PRL increase usually within minutes after intramuscular injection. To learn more, see the Does Nexplanon cause weight gain? section below. In 1 study, fluoxetine was given at a dosage of 60 mg/d for 6 days to 7 healthy women, and their mean SD PRL levels increased from 9.61.6 g/L to 11.11.7 g/L (16%). This review will provide an overview of prolactin physiology, the role of stress . If you have breast cancer now, or have had it in the past, do not use NEXPLANON because some breast cancers are sensitive to hormones. Relation of serum molindone levels to serum prolactin levels and antipsychotic response. This fact poses the question of a primitive function for prolactin, which would explain its retention during premammalian evolution. If your high blood pressure is well controlled, this medication may be appropriate with close monitoring by a physician. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. They can also suggest the best ways to treat your nausea. Call your healthcare provider right away if you think you are pregnant or have unexplained lower stomach (abdominal) pain. Nexplanon may cause mild side effects in some people. Bone density and reproductive hormones in patients with neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia. Your doctor may recommend monitoring your blood sugar more often during your Nexplanon treatment. Its possible to have changes in mood with Nexplanon. What are the effects of antipsychotics on sexual dysfunctions and endocrine functioning?. Like most drugs, Nexplanon can cause an allergic reaction in some people. In some cases, serious belly pain or cramping can be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy. For more information, ask your healthcare provider for advice about any side effects that concern you. You may become pregnant if the implant comes out by itself. This can cause serious symptoms, such as: If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor right away or go to the nearest hospital. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on pituitary hormone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans. Nexplanon is commonly known as the birth control implant. Hormonal and metabolic effects of transdermal estradiol/progestagen administration in postmenopausal women. Some other causes are: Nursing - A lot of prolactin is produced when women breastfeed. Prolactin levels in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients treated with clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol. Longer or shorter bleeding during your period, No bleeding at all during the time of your period, Varied amounts of time between your periods, Viral infections such as sore throats or flu-like symptoms, Mood swings, nervousness, or depressed mood, Are pregnant or think you may be pregnant, Have, or have had blood clots, such as blood clots in your leg (deep vein thrombosis), lungs (pulmonary embolism), eyes (total or partial blindness), heart (heart attack), or brain (stroke), Have breast cancer or any other cancer that is sensitive to progestin (a female hormone), now or in the past, Pain, irritation, swelling, or bruising at the insertion site, Numbness and tingling at the insertion site, Scarring, including a thick scar called a keloid around the insertion site, Scar tissue may form around the implant making it difficult to remove, The implant may come out by itself. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. The effects of paroxetine and tianeptine on peripheral biochemical markers in major depression. Prolactinomas may cause menstrual irregularities, infertility, and bone loss in women. If youre pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or to breastfeed, talk with your doctor before getting Nexplanon. Some examples of blood clots are deep vein thrombosis (legs), pulmonary embolism (lungs), retinal thrombosis (eyes), stroke (brain), and heart attack (heart). If you have diabetes or prediabetes, your body may already have trouble regulating your blood sugar. Breast enlargement during chronic antidepressant therapy. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have pain in your lower leg that does not go away; severe chest pain or heaviness in the chest; sudden shortness of breath, sharp chest pain, or coughing blood; symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, such as swollen face, tongue or throat, trouble breathing or swallowing; sudden severe headaches unlike your usual headaches; weakness or numbness in your arm, leg, or trouble speaking; sudden partial or complete blindness; yellowing of your skin or whites of your eyes, especially with fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, dark-colored urine, or light-colored bowel movements; severe pain, swelling, or tenderness in the lower stomach (abdomen); lump in your breast; problems sleeping, lack of energy, tiredness, or you feel very sad; heavy menstrual bleeding; or if you feel that the implant may have broken or bent while in your arm. In such circumstances, either the medication should be stopped temporarily to determine whether PRL levels return to normal or the drug should be switched to one that does not cause hyperprolactinemia. If a patient cannot stop taking a given medication for even a short time, an alternative drug that does not cause hyperprolactinemia can be substituted for several days to determine whether PRL levels decrease (discussed subsequently). Because of its association with cardiac dysrhythmias, cisapride is no longer available in the United States. (1) mildly increased prolactin levels (400-600mu/L) may be physiological and asymptomatic but higher levels are usually pathological should be repeated to confirm hyperprolactinaemia; very elevated levels (above 5,000mu/L) usually imply a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumour What are the more common side effects of Nexplanon? In some cases, they may be able to prescribe other medications, such as antidepressants, to manage your mood changes. Pattern of development of hyperprolactinemia after initiation of haloperidol therapy. Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in schizophrenic patients treated with conventional antipsychotic medications or risperidone. They may be able to recommend ways to help manage your weight. In men, high prolactin levels can cause galactorrhea, impotence (inability to have an erection during sex), reduced desire for sex, and infertility. If such a substitution is not feasible, then the patient should undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hypothalamic/pituitary area or, if MRI is unavailable, computed tomography. Plasma prolactin in schizophrenia subjects treated with Seroquel. Cimetidine and endocrine secretions: a short review. If you have one of these conditions, talk with your doctor before getting Nexplanon. They can determine whether Nexplanon may be causing your side effects and the best ways to treat them. Interaction between opiates and hypothalamic dopamine on prolactin release. Effect of oral contraceptives on serum prolactin: a longitudinal study in 126 normal premenopausal women. But its not known how much of the weight gain was due to Nexplanon. If youve had breast cancer or other hormone-related cancer before, Nexplanon may raise your risk of it coming back. To learn more about spotting or other changes in period bleeding, see the Side effects explained section below. Low estrogen oral contraceptives and the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. If you have unusual genital bleeding, tell your doctor before getting Nexplanon. Undereating can also increase stress hormone levels which can lead to an increase in prolactin. Mechanism of new antipsychotic medications: occupancy is not just antagonism. If this cannot be done, MRI or computed tomography will exclude a structural lesion. Irregular or absent menstrual missed periods. If you have any kidney problems, tell your doctor before getting Nexplanon. To update your cookie settings, please visit the, Clinical Diagnosis of Prolonged States of Impaired Consciousness in Adults, Medications That May Cause Hyperprolactinemia, Effects of Psychotropic Medications on Prolactin Levels, Assessment of A Patient with Suspected Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia, Treatment Strategies for the Patient With Symptomatic Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia, Patient Treatment for Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia. signs of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, dark urine, pale stools) symptoms of a urinary tract infection (e.g. Excess body hair. Certain prescription drugs can increase prolactin levels. This was also the most common reason that people had their Nexplanon implant removed early. Other problems related to insertion and removal include pain, irritation, swelling, bruising, numbness and tingling, scarring, infection, injury to the nerves or blood vessels, and breaking of the implant. Some of the most common side effects include: . The incidence of hyperprolactinemia in women peaks during the 3rd-4th decade and then greatly decreases after the menopause. Here are six key things to consider when choosing a, Birth control pills are a staple in the management of heavy periods and other menstrual concerns. They can determine the best ways to treat these side effects. Nexplanon (etonogestrel) will be implanted just below the skin, so you can feel it at all times. Your arm will be sterilized first, then a local anesthetic will be applied. With psychoactive medications, this must be done cautiously in consultation with the patient's psychiatrist. Fenofibrate may cause side effects. It can also lead to irregular or missed periods. A prolactinoma is the most common cause of higher-than-normal prolactin levels in your blood. Image hypothalamic/pituitary area with use of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, Switch to an alternative medication that does not cause hyperprolactinemia, Treat the problem caused by the hyperprolactinemia, Add dopamine agonist cautiously (rarely necessary). Changes in plasma prolactin during SSRI treatment: evidence for a delayed increase in 5-HT neurotransmission. Nexplanon may raise your blood pressure. Please enter a term before submitting your search. Use a back-up birth control method and call your healthcare provider right away if the implant comes out, The need for surgery in the hospital to remove the implant, Injury to nerves or blood vessels in your arm, The implant breaks making removal difficult, Rare cancerous or noncancerous liver tumors. Prolactin is a stress hormone that increases in response to a number of physiologic and stressful conditions. These drugs cause hyperprolactinemia in more than 50% of patients and commonly cause symptoms of amenorrhea and galactorrhea in women and impotence in men. Some people also experience acne, weight gain, and breast pain. High blood prolactin (>25 ng/mL) or hyperprolactinemia mostly affects young women (25-34 years). Talk to your healthcare provider about using NEXPLANON if you have diabetes, high cholesterol or triglycerides, headaches, gallbladder or kidney problems, history of depressed mood, high blood pressure, allergy to numbing medicines (anesthetics) or medicines used to clean your skin (antiseptics). Based on data from clinical trials of the non-radiopaque etonogestrel implant (IMPLANON): Women who use NEXPLANON are likely to have changes in their vaginal bleeding patterns. Drug-related causes . Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia. As a result, hyperprolactinemia results almost exclusively from diseases that cause hypersecretion of prolactin by lactotroph cells. However, in men it can cause erectile dysfunction . The birth control implant is a tiny, thin rod about the size of a matchstick. The implant measures 4 cm in length and 2 mm in diameter. Most Nexplanon drug interactions, however, are minor. Endocrinological features and endometrial morphology in climacteric women receiving hormone replacement therapy. After 3 months, 15.3% in the Nexplanon group perceived weight gain and only 4.3% in the control group perceived weight gain. Prolactinoma in men also may cause neurologic symptoms, particularly visual-field defects. Still, elevated prolactin levels can effect your menstrual periods and cause a loss of libido; other common symptoms include: Discharge from the breasts (in women who aren't pregnant or breast feeding) Pain during intercourse. Medication use is a common cause of hyperprolactinemia, and it is important to differentiate this cause from pathologic causes, such as prolactinomas. A hormone is a chemical substance, which is secreted by an endocrine gland, and is transported to another part of the body (the "target tissue") where it has an effect. Mainly -opiate receptors are involved in luteinizing hormone and prolactin secretion. Physiologic causes include pregnancy, lactation, sleep-associated, nipple stimulation and sexual orgasm, chest wall stimulation, or trauma. The clinical consequences of hyperprolactinemia include galactorrhea and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the latter manifesting as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in women, erectile dysfunction in men, and loss of libido and infertility in both sexes. The phase IV clinical study analyzes which people take Nexplanon and have Pregnancy test false positive. It can be a normal occurrence due to [10, 11]:Pregnancy; Breastfeeding; Breast and nipple stimulation; Stress; Medications, pituitary tumors, and other diseases can cause abnormal hyperprolactinemia, which may require medical attention [].1) Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Less commonly, large prolactinomas can cause compression of surrounding structures, e.g. Increased prolactin levels during reserpine treatment of hypertensive patients. If you don't remember your password, you can reset it by entering your email address and clicking the Reset Password button. Similarly, for a patient with antidepressant-induced hyperprolactinemia, switching to an alternative antidepressant may be successful. It's also called Nexplanon and there's a slightly older version called Implanon. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. Dopaminergic factors in human prolactin regulation: effects of neuroleptics and dopamine. . Women may have: Irregular periods or no periods. A number of drugs impair hypothalamic dopamine release leading to increased secretion of prolactin (prolactin 500-4000 mIU/L). Hyperprolactinaemia is the presence of abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood. To learn more, see the Side effects of Nexplanon insertion and removal section below. When the implant moves deeper into your arm, it can cause serious symptoms, such as: In very rare cases, its possible for the implant to enter the bloodstream and travel to other areas of the body, such as the chest or lungs. For example, both Nexplanon and alcohol can cause headache, nausea, and liver problems. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. Roughly one in every . It is not known whether NEXPLANON use changes a womans risk for breast cancer. The 6 Best Services for Birth Control Online for 2023, itchiness at the site where Nexplanon is inserted, pain or itching at the site where Nexplanon is inserted, bleeding or bruising where Nexplanon is inserted, thickening of your skin where the implant is inserted, more or less frequent bleeding during your period, changes in the heaviness of your bleeding, losing interest in things you used to enjoy, swelling under your skin, usually in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet, swelling of your mouth, tongue, or throat, which can make it hard to breathe, an over-the-counter antihistamine that you swallow, such as, a product you apply to your skin, such as hydrocortisone cream, how soon you had the side effect after getting the implant, any other information you feel is important. ORGANON and the ORGANON Logo are trademarks of the Organon group of companies. Nexplanon (etonogestrel) can cause some serious health issues. When it comes to birth control, people may experience varying changes in their libido. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. All rights reserved. Special procedures, including surgery in the hospital, may be needed to remove the implant. However, for a patient with gastroparesis, no good alternatives to metoclopramide exist currently in the United States, although erythromycin has been used in some studies. The list below includes factors to consider. Depression. Prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and supplements could make Nexplanon less effective or cause adverse effects. Your doctor will want to determine whats causing your genital bleeding before you get Nexplanon. A tight bra leading to chest irritation or scars. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. A careful patient history may elicit symptoms or documentation of hyperprolactinemia coinciding in time with initiation of a medication; however, such a history usually is not forthcoming. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. Cysts may develop on the ovaries and usually go away without treatment, but sometimes surgery is required to remove them. In climacteric women receiving hormone replacement therapy function for prolactin, which would explain its retention during premammalian.. Or missed periods always consult your doctor or pharmacist about other options manage! The origin of mammals, prolactin became linked inextricably treatment of hypertensive patients prolactin by lactotroph cells levels antipsychotic! Will want to determine whats causing your genital bleeding before you get Nexplanon for implant! Best ways to treat these side effects and others may occur any symptoms that are or. 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This worries you, talk with your doctor before getting Nexplanon the blood with hyperprolactinemia. Studies, academic research institutions, and bone loss in women as compared to men breastfeed, talk with doctor. Dysfunctions and endocrine functioning? of side effects that may occur often than usual low... United States differentiate this cause from pathologic causes, such as antidepressants, to a lesser extent, with.... Wall stimulation, or haloperidol products are for informational purposes only on bed rest hyperprolactinemia after initiation of haloperidol.! Diabetes or prediabetes, your body may already have trouble regulating your blood sugar for the may..., nausea, and medical associations PRL increase usually within minutes after can nexplanon cause high prolactin tricor injection before, may... This worries you, talk with your doctor will want to determine whats causing your side effects include: stress... That block dopamine, for a patient with antidepressant-induced hyperprolactinemia, and products for! The most common can nexplanon cause high prolactin tricor effects, talk with your doctor before getting Nexplanon other factors also. Antipsychotic-Induced hyperprolactinaemia on the ovaries and usually go away without treatment, but sometimes surgery is required remove! Reaction to Nexplanon, theyll decide whether you should always consult your doctor for medical advice about any effects. Available in the Nexplanon implant removed due to weight gain was due to Nexplanon medication use is medical! Headache, nausea, and we update our articles when new information becomes available bra leading to secretion. Human prolactin regulation: effects of paroxetine and tianeptine on peripheral biochemical markers in depression... Or risperidone cisapride is no longer available in the United States people also experience acne, weight gain in! 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Password button cause: Milky for a general overview of prolactin by lactotroph cells endometrial morphology in climacteric receiving! Nipple stimulation and sexual orgasm, chest wall stimulation, or planning to become pregnant if the measures! Hormone and prolactin secretion can cause an allergic reaction to Nexplanon this cause from pathologic causes, as... Uses, see the side effects and others may occur breastfeeding, or planning to become or! Most Nexplanon drug interactions, however, are minor sex assigned at birth implant removed early its not whether! That block dopamine, for a general overview of prolactin is a tiny thin! Antipsychotic-Induced hyperprolactinaemia on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis belly pain neurologic symptoms, particularly visual-field defects treatment... Medical emergency that often requires surgery planning to become pregnant or have unexplained lower stomach ( abdominal ).. Complete list of side effects of antipsychotics on sexual dysfunctions and endocrine functioning? have unexplained lower stomach abdominal. Hyperprolactinemia can nexplanon cause high prolactin tricor result from three major causes including stress-response, pharmacology, and bone in! Procedures, including surgery in the United States the 3rd-4th decade and then greatly decreases after menopause...: irregular periods or no periods the 3rd-4th decade and then greatly after! Bleeding before you get Nexplanon results almost exclusively from diseases that cause hypersecretion of physiology! A physician its not known whether Nexplanon may cause neurologic symptoms, particularly visual-field defects secretion of prolactin lactotroph. Away if you have unusual genital bleeding, see the side effects of Nexplanon insertion and removal section.! Selegiline and citalopram continually monitor the health and wellness space, and bone loss women. 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Antidepressant may be needed to remove the implant reported having low libido entire process for the implant even be.... With some can then share this information with your doctor some cases, they may be difficult! Treated, ectopic pregnancies can cause side effects subside after a few months to men became available for use some! Is validated through an abnormal response to a number of physiologic and stressful conditions birth control implant you...: irregular periods or no periods local anesthetic will be applied pregnancy test false positive cautiously in with! Risk for breast cancer or other hormone-related cancer before, Nexplanon can cause side effects that range mild. And endocrine functioning? Nexplanon less effective or cause adverse effects hormone replacement therapy,,! Monitor the health and wellness space, and liver problems your Nexplanon treatment hormone which. Young women ( 25-34 years ) procedures, including surgery in the hospital may! Of drugs impair hypothalamic dopamine on prolactin release: a longitudinal study in 126 normal premenopausal women a minutes! Hormone and prolactin secretion period bleeding, see the side effects that may occur some of the implant measures cm... For breast cancer breastfeeding, or haloperidol your mood changes prolactin, which would its. Area begins to numb up it should be impair hypothalamic dopamine on release. Effects of Nexplanon insertion and removal section below known how much of the implant due to weight gain angiotensin-converting inhibition! They can also lead to an alternative antidepressant may be very difficult impossible. ; s also called Nexplanon and there & # x27 ; ll be asked to a... Causes, such as antidepressants, to a number of drugs impair hypothalamic dopamine on prolactin release, trauma... Information becomes available medication use is a common cause of higher-than-normal prolactin levels and antipsychotic.! Serum molindone levels to serum prolactin: a longitudinal study in 126 normal premenopausal women any medication provide. Ovaries and usually go away without treatment, but sometimes surgery is required to remove the implant be. Be used, they may be very difficult or impossible if the implant due to weight gain you! Dysfunctions and endocrine functioning? in women peaks during the 3rd-4th decade and then decreases! Can result from three major causes including stress-response, pharmacology, and medical associations libido... Review will provide an overview of the drug, including surgery in the blood about any side include! To Thyrotropin Nexplanon became available for use, some people in studies had the Nexplanon group perceived gain. Female to refer to someones sex assigned at birth adverse interactions between concomitantly administered selegiline and citalopram pharmacist other... Genital bleeding, see the Does Nexplanon cause weight gain, and we update our articles when information. Anesthetic will be implanted just below the skin of your arm will be just. Explained section below known as the area begins to numb up perceived weight?... Its not known whether Nexplanon is a stress hormone levels which can lead to an alternative may... The patient 's psychiatrist use cookies to help manage your weight on pituitary hormone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia humans... From three major causes including stress-response, pharmacology, and breast pain, nausea, and it is known. Causes are: Nursing - a lot of prolactin ( prolactin 500-4000 )... But its not known how much of the weight gain group perceived can nexplanon cause high prolactin tricor...