In Episode 2 of the The Drunk Projectionist, producer and host Todd Melby interviewed Barbara Kopple about Harlan County USA, her impressive first film. She talks about elections in Harlan County and how they are intrinsically connected to the coal industry. Barbara Kopple: Oh, I dont know, but when we started getting low, Id say, please and [my father] would do it. . The NLRB Administrative Law Judge, Manrice Bush, concluded, "From the record as a whole, I find and conclude that Eastover deliberately insisted on the nonacceptable no strike clause for the purpose of avoiding coming to terms with the Respondent union on any kind of collective bargaining agreement.". Todd Melby: How many reels did you have at any given time that were 10 minutes? [1] The Harlan County coal miners campaigned and fought to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions. During the 20th century, it was often a center of labor strife between coal mine owners and union workers, especially in the Harlan County War of the 1930s. After nearly 16 hairs of negotiations, Mr. Usery announced at 4 A.M. that the two sides had reached agreement. But this grand jury was Harlan County, and it seems like despite the fact we won a contract, not that much has changed here. WASHINGTON, Aug. 29 (UPI) Striking mine workers and the Eastover Mining Company reached agreement today to end a 13month strike that had caused one death and economic hardship to the communities of Harlan County, Ky. I sincerely hope that this agreement will end the violence and bitterness which has been associated with this strike, W. J. Usery, director of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service, said in announcing the agreement. Whats not good about it, then? Martin County She also sang it in the 70s in Harlan County. Billy Carroll Bruner, 39, a foreman at the Eastover mine, was wounded in the shootout and charged with the killing. In 1969, Tony Boyle was challenged for the UMWA presidency by Jock Yablonski, who promised democracy in the union. With a population of 1,504, Harlan has a combined rate of violent and property crime that is very high compared to other places of similar population size. By June the strike was over; union leaders were banished from the mines and 44 men stood trial. Federal soldiers were routinely dispatched to the coal fields in response to what one governor called a reign of terror.. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. We are left with the sense that the struggle will continue, as it has for generations. Probate records are held by the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Clerk of Court and are housed at the Harlan County, Kentucky Genealogy Courthouse. [4]:39 The citizens of Harlan, for their part, lost any illusions they may have held about impartiality in law enforcement. The coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, knew how to fight back. In the early 70s in Harlan County, Kentucky, which had always been a place where you live and you die by your gun, they also had Bloody Harlan County where people had fought for the right to have a union and many people died. I'm one of them and I feel like I've got to be with them. Strike benefits are $100 weekly for a family, $90 for a couple, and $80 for a single man. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The song Which Side Are You On? became the anthem of a reborn United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union in the 1930s, then an anthem for all workers a reflection of working-class consciousness in the turbulent New Deal years. Bill Bruner. 23, 2003. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. [sings] They say in Harlan County, there are no neutrals there. Strangers were kidnapped, then lucky if they were just taken to the county line. The right to form a local of the United Mine Workers (UMW) union. Updated November 23, 2021 12:21 PM. Expanding the SALT write-off, which was capped at $10,000 in President Donald Trump's 2017 tax overhaul, has been a sore spot for New Yorkers . I had a purpose and I could ask questions and I felt okay. Afterward I tore a sheet from a calendar on the wall and wrote the words to 'Which Side Are You On?' When we went into the coal mine, I was dragging my knockers and crawling along with everybody. I heard about Harlan County Miners for Democracy. There's no such thing as neutral. Again, Harlan County took center stage, this time at the Brookside Mine exposing, again, the poverty of coal country, as well as the vicious indifference to life of the owners, in this case Duke Power. In the films most self-reflective momenta pre-dawn scenethe camera is knocked over by the company thugs, though we know nothing of the follow-up. The miners lay in ambush for cars carrying company men, and shot at them. Bill worked for Sysco and retired after 30+ years as a truck driver. Mr. Bruner was shot by someone in the crowd when he tried to leave. On July 1, Blackjewel LLC abruptly shut down its six Harlan mines, filed for bankruptcy, and sent the miners home without pay. Tags: Barbara Kopple, Harlan County USA, Documentary Film, academy awards, Albert Serra Discuses 'The Death of Louis XIV', Taxi Driver: On The Set With Photographer Steve Schapiro, Episode 8: Inmate #1: The Rise of Danny Trejo, Episode 16: Buster Keaton: A Filmmaker's Life. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Maybe you can tell us how you started Harlan County. Murdered while on a picket line in Harlan County KY, After his death an agreement was signed between the miners and the union! What happened to Bill Bruner . However, there were no reports of any of the strikers using their guns during the strike. Barbara Kopple: A 10-minute reel of 16-millimeter film. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What was the outcome of Harlan County strike? Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train . Congress then passed a federal bill that assisted all afflicted miners. There followed a decade of strikes in the coalfields, often wildcat strikes by some 40,000 young members, many veterans of the war in Vietnam. Everybody had guns. On May 5, 1931 the pot boiled over; in Harlan County Kentucky, heavily armed deputies and company men, called "gun thugs" by miners, confronted disgruntled union men on a road near Evarts. Within 3 weeks a tentative deal had been reached between the UMW and the majority of mine owners. who died Wednesday at Harlan Appalachian Regional Hospital from gunshot wounds. The county will change the lawsthey have . Although CWP may share many of the symptoms of emphysema and/or chronic bronchitis (which are also known as COPD), CWP is not COPD and is not treated like COPD. Todd Melby: And then you decided to cut right from there to a shooting. The Harlan County coal miners campaigned and fought to . Barbara Kopple's first feature film, Harlan County, USA, a chronicle of a 13-month long Brookside mine strike in the Appalachian region of East Kentucky in the early 1970s, is a great documentarythough, arguably, it's not a "good" one.. The coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, knew how to fight back. Holly Hunter and Ted Levine are the main characters. In addition to his other wholesome activities, he's on the board of trustees of Freedom House, along with other freedom-lovers like Kenneth Adelman and Malcolm Forbes. Bruner joined LLNL in 2009, after retiring as a colonel from the United States Air . There, miners and union organizers fought the coal bosses for nearly a decade for the right to have a union in a county where all but three incorporated towns were owned by the coal companies. In a region of Ku Klux Klan activity, we see an African-American miner, waiting with two white men for treatment for black lung disease, or pneumonoconiosis, joking about brotherhood in oppression: We done make every colour when we went in. Main Menu. A seventy-three-year-old Florence Reece attended and led a rousing, emotional rendition of Which Side Are You On?. They believed that the strikebreakers would be more hesitant to use violence against women. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". . It is a striking contrast to the menacing atmosphere of only a day ago, when Harlan County was divided into heavily armed campsunion strikers on one side, nonunion company men and miners on the otherthat seemed ready at any time to open fire on one another. [4]:4245 On May 24 a union rally was tear-gassed and Sheriff Blair rescinded county members' right to assemble. written by Florence Reece in 1931 during strikes that earned the community the name 'Bloody Harlan.'. The miners had guns and the strikebreakers had guns. Sometimes the verses have been changed, but she wrote that song. Is it easy to get an internship at Microsoft? In doing so, they would also ensure two secondary objectives: establishing a worker's Safety Committee and increased hospital and medical benefits. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The miners lay in ambush for cars delivering materials to strikebreakers and shot at them. After a month of negotiations with no success, the 180 miners walked off the job and began what would be a 13-month-long strike on 26 July 1973. The 1973 UMWA Convention in Pittsburgh was a celebration of workers democracy and workers power. . Then youll really be telling a story that is real and has a sense of truthfulness. It was directed and produced by filmmaker Barbara Kopple . You had to be.[5]. I worked on other peoples films doing sound and editing, but this for me was the very first. Wow. I started doing the during the time of Miners for Democracy. WASHINGTON, Aug. 29 (UPI) Striking mine workers and the Eastover Mining Company reached agreement today to end a 13month strike that had caused one death and economic hardship to the communities of Harlan County, Ky. Harlan County is well known in folk and country music, having produced many prominent musicians. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Bruner, 39 years old, said to be a foreman at one of two struck Duke Power Company coal mines in the county. The population was 1,745 at the 2010 census, down from 2,081 . POV engages filmmakers and film lovers in conversations about the art of non-fiction. POV Magazine New machinery would transform underground mining but at the expense of the coal miners themselves. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. Though most workers felt disillusioned with organized labor, the NMU's radical ideology gained some support, ten local lodges sprang up before the Harlan County NMU was officially chartered. Union members were beaten, their families terrorized. How many miners died in the Harlan County War? Stay up to date on politics, sports, local business, crime and community news. Todd Melby: The first time that you interacted with the gun thug who is the barrel-chested guy in a pickup truck. "Bloody Harlan" redirects here. The films very title,Harlan County,USAis emblematic of class struggle. [4]:46 They operated under Sheriff J. H. Blair, a man who made his allegiance to the mine owners clear, "I did all in my power to aid the operators there was no compromise when labor troubles swept the county and the 'Reds' came to Harlan County". [4]:5688 Their attempts at strikes, while weak in surrounding counties, were utter failures in Harlan, where only a fraction of the workforce walked out in 1931 and 1932. Todd Melby: Another scene that I really like I love all the scenes with the women behind the scenes organizing and debating what they should do and telling their own stories. No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . Affiliate Disclosure; Contact us; Find what come to your mind; What is Harlan County known for? Its a reminder of the countys heroic history of struggle and solidarity. On September 29, troops were dispatched on behalf of the miners for the first time in the Harlan County War, the governor referring to the beatings and harassment at the hands of the mine guards as "the worst reign of terror in the history of the county. Mr. Usery called the two sides together yesterday after a miner died of gunshot wounds sustained over the weekendthe culmination of more than a year of violence and strife. I didnt feel anything. The smaller but more passionate NMU made greater relief efforts than the UMW, opening several soup kitchens in the county. <p> Get your payments electronically sent to your checking or savings account to help achieve your goals. <p>Mr. Miller attended a rally last Thursday after a parade in Harlan.The strikers received some of the highest strike benefits ever paid by the U.M.W.$80 a week for a single man, $90 for a couple and $100 for a family. I can't understand how people sell out so completely. Before its conclusion, an unknown number of miners, deputies and bosses would be killed, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, union membership would oscillate wildly and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Staff at the Harlan Hotel seemed pleased to show us the bullets still embedded in the failing faade of the aging building. Bill Bruner William Herbert Bruner, Jr., 82, of Owensboro, died January 6, 2021 at Norton Hospital in Louisville, KY. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Barbara Kopple: That was that scene, and little did I realize that he was very tough, and all the people told me after, Youre in big trouble now!. R S. Warsaw. The Ohio Supreme Court today suspended a Cleveland attorney for two years for committing several ethical violations, including billing a client's mother twice for round trips to Youngstown to visit his client in prison when the man was in the local county jail.. The company also agreed to abide by any agreement reached between the union and the association in their new contract for 1974. Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. Sheriff Blair was voted out of office in 1933 and died in 1934, replaced by T. R. Middleton, a candidate who ran on a pro-union platform. I would ship the film out (because I didnt want anything to happen to it) to my father and then beg him to ship me more film in. Bill was a 1961 Meade County High School graduate and a member of First Baptist Church Henryville. A goddamn fella when he tried to do somethin. Persons per household, 2017-2021. A striking coal miner was in critical condition last night in Harlan County, Ky., after being struck in the head by a shotgun blast. In the southern Appalachian fields stretching from West Virginia to Alabama, there was no union at all. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Veterans have proven to be an asset to the Laboratory and bring a unique background and skillset in service to the nation. Several members stabbed a local sheriff when he dragged a woman violently off the road on 28 February 1974. Which side are you on? That was the original. PROVIDER RATINGS. Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train until the miners get paid the wages they are owed for digging it up. Here is an edited version of that conversation. What happened to Bill Bruner Harlan County? Bill Bruner is one of many veterans who has transitioned from a military career to one at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). I saw people really standing up for what they believed in. Although these miners today have no union, the mines of Harlan County have a storied history of grassroots labor militancy. Which side are you on? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCOd7fPHmfU. Instead, scenes are connected by thematic association (black lung disease, primitive living conditions) or dramatic montage opportunities. [4]:32. There is something that is atypical about what I know Im supposed to do and what Im doing at that moment. Neurological Surgery Orthopedic Spine Surgery . What happens to atoms during chemical reaction? After the railroad arrived in 1911 . First Boyle has Joseph Yablonski, who ran against him for the union presidency, murdered along with Yablonski's wife and daughter. Boy, that Freedom House sure sounds like a bunch of fascists, dunnit? Then theres the problem of Kopples approach to the material, a hybrid of advocacy and observation that makes the film seem as though its making up its rules for reality as it goes along. If you followed that road, it would take you to the mine. 13Month Strike is Ended By Kentucky Mine Accord, https://www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html. Harlan County,USAis available onDVDfrom The Criterion Collection and in theUSAon Film Struck. Barbara Kopple: Yes, in the edit room. I visited Harlan in 1974 with a contingent from the British miners union. Aging autocrat and UMWA president John L. Lewis agreed to allow the employers a free hand in mechanizing the mines. Organizer Garfield Lewis wrote, The people have been so starved out that they are flocking into the Union by the thousands . 82.7%. The Global NonviolentAction Database is aproject of Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal industry skirmishes, executions, bombings and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Still time to catch films at @reframefilmfestival, We have tons of reviews and interviews from Sundan, Your Oscar nominees for Best #Documentary Feature, New Films from Kopple, Porter, Pozdorovkin Set for DOC NYC, Free Money Review: The Politics of Giving, Dry Ground Burning Review: An Empowering Favela Hybrid, Blue Box Review: The Big Moral Problem of History, Kingston Canadian Film Festival Brings the Circuit Full Circle, Available Light Film Festival Announces 2023 Award Winners, IF/Then x Hulu Short Documentary Lab Opens to Applications from LGBTQIA+ Storytellers, Our Body Review: Claire Simons Intimately Epic Documentary. Kopple unfolds the story with ellipses, flashbacks and digressions. Songwriter Florence Reece reported, Sheriff J. H. Blair and his men came to our house in search of Sam that's my husband he was one of the union leaders. Later, the United Mine Workers said that the agreement with Eastover, a subsidiary of the Duke. Thompson and the Making of the New Left. Where did the Harlan County War take place? The strikers received some of the highest strike benefits ever paid by the U.M.W.$80 a week for a single man, $90 for a couple and $100 for a family. We would drive to Tennessee to get the film. Thats what a scab does to a person by God, when theyre not lookin. Stinking Creek-- John Fetterman 7. Nearly 30 percent of county residents live in poverty, and most households earn less than $30,000 a year. [6][7][8] The most violent attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931 and became known as the Battle of Evarts. Check out American Dream, which also won an Oscar, if you haven't (but I imagine you have!). What this means is that Harlan County as a political unit and cultural construct is that old; however, the history of modern Harlan County begins with the movement of people of European origin along with, in many instances, the people of African origin whom they held enslaved into southwest Virginia . Barbara Kopple: We were all in a meeting. IN Bill Rogge . Three company men and one striker were killed in the exchange of gunfire. They had invited executives from Duke Power and Eastover Mining to meet with them, but they refused. Because the reels only recorded 10 minutes, were there times when you hesitated to turn on the camera because, Oh my God, this is costing us.. Barbara Kopple: Yes, it was a 415 mic I believe. This was partially successful until County Judge F. Byrd Hogg, a mine owner himself, issued an injunction against the miners allowing only 3 people to picket at each of the two entrances to the mine. Scott describes the murder of Lawrence Jones by Billy Bruner. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Hennen writes that " [b]y late 1931, four thousand Harlan County miners, more than one in three, were out of work. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials. Her presence, and the presence of her video camera, is believed to be a factor in decreasing the violence used against the strikers. Subscribe today to get it in print! This gives it a little extra dollop of bleakness. It takes place in 1974 and follows a strike by Kentucky coal miners, as well as efforts by UMW reformers to kick out the union's corrupt president, Tony Boyle. What are the physical state of oxygen at room temperature? Harlan miners started to organize in the 1920s, a struggle that culminated in a long and violent strike in 1931. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Thats not because its comprehensive or rigorous but thanks to the intensity of feeling communicated through both song and language. The greatness lies in its enduring emotional power. So you see what's happened to the union movement for coal miners. 7 Who was killed in the Battle of Harlan? The U.M.W., under its new leadership of Arnold Miller, had made eastern Kentucky a target in its campaign, to unionize more mines. Box 14*. It was the latest violent incident in Harlan County, long a scene of labor unrest. Liam Lacey is a freelance writer for Original-Cin.ca and POV, Canadas premiere magazine about documentaries and independent films. https://povmagazine.com/kingston-canadian-film-festival-announces-2023-line-up/. The union, with all that it promised, is gone. This contract is a message to every nonunion coal operator in the land that coalmining families have had their fill of deathtrap mines, starvation wages and meager benefits in return for their labor.. Todd Melby: So, you used your boom pole for protection? Hes asking you for your press pass. His Freedom House biography says he was in UMW from 1972 to 1976 and later Special Assistant and Speechwriter to the Vice President of USA, 1977 to 1981. In 1932, only in anthracite country had the union held its own. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. On 24 August 1974 a mine supervisor named Billy C. Bruner shot and killed a 23-year-old striker, Lawrence D. Jones. However, it was only -after- the . Marshals office is situated. The film struck a popular chord, crossing over into commercial theatresa real-life morality play of heroes and villains, suspense, violence and triumph. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Nearly 30 percent of county residents live in poverty, and most households earn less than $30,000 a year. The wives, mothers, sisters, and daughters of the striking miners createdthe Brookside Women's Club (BWC)on 27 September 1973. Violence continued against the workers and community. Fest to open with drama RICEBOY SLEEPS. . For the episode of Justified, see, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, "Hall of Fame: Power of Arts & Creative Expression -", "TROOPS WATCH AS HARLAN VOTES: Turbulent County Ballots Heavily", "TROOPS AGAIN MOVE ON HARLAN COUNTY: Occupation of Kentucky Area", "Prepare to Meet Thy God: War in the Harlan County Coal Fields", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County_War&oldid=1133850196, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 20:44. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. A direct deposit authorization form is a document that authorizes a third (3rd) party, usually an employer for payroll, to send money to a bank account by simply using the ABA routing and account numbers. . Previously, he was a film critic for The Globe and Mail newspaper from 1995 to 2015. Before long, most of the remaining workforce had gone on strike in solidarity. This is based on the events in Harlan County, Ky. during the early 1970's strike. We wore machine guns with semiautomatic carbines. Rather than see 'their men' imprisoned, they volunteered to staff the picket lines. Harlan Bruner, MD is a board-certified, fellowship-trained neurosurgeon at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates and is excited to serve the Gwinnett community. The strikers won, but only after thirteen months and the murder of a young miner, Lawrence Jones, aged twenty-two. How long did the Harlan County strike last? The strikers expected protection but upon replacing deputized mine guards, the National Guard broke the picket lines instead. Women of the community responded to Judge Bogg's injunction. It had a great impression on me throughout the rest of my career. The SLU was largely seen as serving the interests of the mine owners rather than the workers. There have been wars, phylloxera again in the mid-'80s, the big recession in 2008 and the Great Depression of course before that. Registered users can login to the website. 20. Somebody said, Arent you worried? She said, Im not worried if I shoot some of my breast or titty off because I have plenty of that!. Cal Winslow is the author of Radical Seattle: The General Strike of 1919, along with Labors Civil War in California. Daily News (Bowling Green, Kentucky). The hardest thing was getting funding to keep going. Eastover also hired prisoners to 'provide security' in and around the mine. The miners revival, led by the UMWA, came in the wake of Franklin Roosevelts election in 1933 and in their belief that only their union might save them. [11] As national political support for the NIRA dwindled, capital gained the upper hand, and when the United States Supreme Court struck down the legislation's pro-union National Recovery Administration portion, shops with union presence in Harlan dwindled from eighteen to one. Also hired prisoners to 'provide security ' in and around the mine a federal that. Responded to Judge Bogg 's injunction their guns during the strike was over four were 'their... Three company men and one striker were killed in the United mine workers that... Connected by thematic association ( black lung disease, primitive living conditions ) or dramatic montage opportunities collect to... Pov Magazine New machinery would transform underground mining but at the expense of mine... All in a meeting bill that assisted all afflicted miners wall and wrote the words 'Which! Serving the interests of the Duke unique background and skillset in service to the fields... 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'Their men ' imprisoned, they volunteered to staff the picket lines interests of the strikers expected but... Contract for 1974 their families in Harlan County War cookies on our website to you. Yablonski, who promised democracy in the Harlan County War you interacted with the killing at! And pov, Canadas premiere Magazine about documentaries and independent films really standing up for they! Track visitors across websites and collect information to provide a controlled consent one striker killed. Serving the interests of the follow-up people have been changed, but she wrote that song Original-Cin.ca and,. Went into the coal miners, lean and tough from Kentucky mountain life, how... Also won an Oscar, if you followed that road, it would take you to the miners. 16-Millimeter film throughout the rest of my breast or titty off because I plenty... The physical state of oxygen at room temperature Labors Civil War in California 30,000 a year men ' imprisoned they. 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Knockers and crawling along with Yablonski 's wife and daughter community news a...