In practice, this means that the true meaning of a story should never be stated directly. Those who take the anti-feminist interpretation see her last line as an acquiescence, giving in to the man's power and pressure. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Sometimes it can end up there. Some clues exist in the story setting, themes, and symbols, but ultimately "Hills Like White Elephants" interpretation is up to the reader. The girl says the hills across the valley look like white elephants, and she and the man argue briefly. After the girl comments pointedly on the bitterness of their last drink, the American abruptly interjects with reassurance that 'It's really an awfully simple operation.' Nothing has been solved. It should always be hinted at, teased out, and symbolized more than stated. Contact us Notice the symbolism later in the story when he carries their bags, covered with labels "from all the hotels where they had spent nights," to the other side of the tracks and deposits them there while he goes back into the bar, alone, to have another drink. ThoughtCo, Jul. The reception to "Hills Like White Elephants" has been mixed, historically. At the story's beginning Jig is passive, unaware of her own feelings, and in the habit of looking to the American direction. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Jig and her lover are clearly on completely different wavelengths. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Judging by the conversation between the two characters, it seems she wants to keep the baby. Subscribe now. It was perfectly natural for Jig to be afraid given that, at the time, abortion was illegal just about everywhere in the world. "Hills Like White Elephants" is set in Spain. He always orders the drinks, and they reference him wanting to try absinthe in the past. March 1, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 The point of contention between them is that the man wants Jig to have an abortion, and Jig seems hesitant. Enhance your understanding of "Hills Like White Elephants" by learning background information about Ernest Hemingway and the short story. The American never reveals his name, nor does the girl ever directly address him by name. for a customized plan. It centers around two waiters and an elderly man who patronizes the caf late at night before closing time. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/hills-like-white-elephants-analysis-2990497. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Although the elderly man is without a companion or anyone waiting at home for him, he indulges his lapses from reality in a dignified and refined manner, expressed in his choosing of a clean, well-lighted place in the late hours of the night. Hemingway uses symbolism and . You mustnt feel that way. I dont feel any way, the girl said. Some interpretations of "Hills Like White Elephants" hold that they are a way for the man to control Jig. Even when the man maintains that he wants the girl to have an abortion only if she wants to have one, we question his sincerity and his honesty. All rights reserved. The girl is hurt by the man's fraudulent, patronizing empathy, and she is also deeply apprehensive about the operation that she will undergo in Madrid. We could get along. Of course it does. He promises to stay with her the whole time and that they'll be happy afterward because "that's the only thing that bothers us.". These lovers are like ships that pass in the night, as distant from each other as if they'd never even met. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Compare and contrast themes from other texts to this theme, The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Men, Women, and Relationships appears in each chapter of. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. In "Hills Like White Elephants", Ernest Hemingway talks about a couple facing their relationship's conflicts. Instant PDF downloads. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Please wait while we process your payment. While the man's attitude seems bored and disinterested, both in their surroundings and in Jig's pregnancy, Jigs approach to both their surroundings and her pregnancy seems lively and imaginative. Hemingway used the Iceberg Theory throughout his work, and especially so in "Hills Like White Elephants." Hills Like White Elephants .nature is emphasized. 2023 PapersOwl.com - All rights reserved. However, as the story illustrates, such a power dynamic is fundamentally flawed and destructive. Trusted by over 1 million students worldwide. When the story opens, he is waiting at read analysis of The Man The Girl (Jig) She soon comes to realize her own desires and struggles to assert herself for the . Far from being imaginative, the man is brusque and down-to-eartha man of few words, none of which are in the least bit memorable. The White Elephant symbolizes distinctive things for both the man and Jig. The American, or the man, does most of the talking in the story, and if one of "Hills Like White Elephants"' characters can be considered a villain, it's him. What is "Hills Like White Elephants" About? This exchange at the beginning of the story reveals a relationship that is going through a crisis. When it was written, authors were expected to guide readers through a story. The two characters in the storyan unnamed American man and a woman called "Jig"are involved romantically. Subscribe now. That said, during the latter part of the 1990s, this story became one of the most anthologized of Hemingway's short stories. The white elephant was considered sacred, so on the surface, this gift was an honor. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. The male protagonist of the story. An American man and a girl are sitting at an outdoor caf in a Spanish train station, waiting for a fast, non-stop train coming from Barcelona that will take them to Madrid, where the girl will have an abortion. Discount, Discount Code We can consider the girl the protagonist of 'Hills Like White Elephants' because her point of view is the one most clearly established. Only by sheer accident, it seems, is the girl nicknamed "Jig.". Alcoholic drinks also symbolize the couple's past together, as they reference drinking together before and Jig won't be able to do so (at least while pregnant) if she keeps the baby. Ive never seen one, the man drank his beer. He reassures her that he'll be right beside her the whole time, and how it's really the solution to their relationship troubles evident in their strained dialogue. In a way, she represents the freedom he had with the girl before she became pregnant: drinking, traveling, and doing whatever they want. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. | White Elephants The symbolism of the white elephants further emphasizes the subject of the story. March 1, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 98 students ordered this very topic and got Hoping perhaps to break the ice, the woman observes the hills off in the distance: They look like white elephants, she said. In "Hills like White Elephants," Hemingway uses the setting to enhance symbolism in the story. Don't know where to start? Readers in the 1990s had become accustomed to reading between the lines of fictional narrative and didn't like to be told, in minute detail, everything about the characters. His insistence on the abortion, his lack of empathy and concern for the girl's well-being, and his attempts to control and manipulate her all serve to undermine . In the story, the pregnancy is the white elephant: she's got it, and it'll be difficult to get rid of it. She's lying, acquiescing to what he wants, hoping to quiet him. He is a drunk who has just tried to kill himself. Read more about the usage of crossroads in Sophocles's Oedipus plays. The man is attempting to convince the woman to get an abortion, but the woman is ambivalent about it. The man is coolly working to convince her to have an abortion. We have no clear ideas about the nature of the discussion (abortion), and yet the dialogue does convey everything that we conclude about the characters. In addition, the popularity of this story can be found in the change in readers' expectations. What is the end of "Hills Like White Elephants"? $24.99 Biography of Ernest Hemingway, Pulitzer and Nobel Prize Winning Writer, The Hero's Journey: Meeting with the Mentor, Use Verbs and Adjectives to Brighten up Your News Stories, Biography of Norma McCorvey, 'Roe' in the Roe v. Wade Case, Analysis of 'The Yellow Wallpaper' by C. Perkins Gilman, Key Arguments From Both Sides of the Abortion Debate, Ph.D., English, State University of New York at Albany. But I dont want you to do it if you dont really want to. Hemingways couple pretends to be conflicted regarding the effects a child will have on an otherwise loving, mutually-supportive relationship, but the reality appears far different. "Hills Like White Elephants"' short story contains many layers of symbolism and meaning, including: "Hills Like White Elephants" is a great example of the Iceberg Theory of fiction writing, where 90% of the meaning is below the "surface" of the story. She says of the view around her, "It isn't ours anymoreonce they take it away, you never get it back." Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. They are waiting at a transfer station for the express train to Spain's capital city. Immediately, a tension between the two mounts until the man says, "Oh, cut it out." Sustana, Catherine. In other words, it will take an exceptionally perceptive reader to realize immediately that the couple is arguing about the girl's having an abortion at a time when abortions were absolutely illegal, considered immoral, and usually dangerous. She also realizes that she is not loved, at least not unconditionally. Create your account. You can order an original essay written according to your instructions. SparkNotes PLUS Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# You might ask yourself whether the woman will go through with the abortion, whether they'll stay together, and, finally, whether either of them knows the answers to these questions yet. Compared to the American, Hemingways overly masculine character, the girl is less assertive and persuasive. The way that the story is told by the author the reader can see the story told in their head. Wed love to have you back! This short story is set at a lonely railway station along the Ebro River that runs through northeastern Spain, where Ernest Hemingway spent a considerable amount of time during the early 20th century. This reading also points to her general passivity in the story - she doesn't really do anything the whole time - and Hemingway's general body of work when it comes to female characters. 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Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs This is especially true since he's taken it upon himself to speak for the both of them. In part, this new appreciation for the story lies in Hemingway's use of dialogue to convey the "meaning" of the story that is, there is no description, no narration, no identification of character or intent. They just let the air in and then its all perfectly natural.Then what will we do afterwards? Well be fine afterwards. I wouldnt have you do it if you didnt want to. "Harry is a protector. He has become her guide and her guardian. In the story, Hemingway refers to the Ebro River and to the bare, sterile-looking mountains on one side of the train station and to the fertile plains on the other side of the train station. Our writers will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+! An unnamed American man and a woman he calls Jig are involved, and she has become pregnant. Give me your paper requirements and I connect you to an academic expert. See the symbolism used in terms of elephants, the railway station, and the. They liked the fact that Hemingway doesn't even say whether or not the two characters are married. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Ernest Hemingway and "Hills Like White Elephants" Background. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. In an exchange toward the end of the story, the woman seeks solace in the liberating consequence of the abortion only to have the man dampen those expectations despite his advocacy of her having the abortion. 20% Jig is the central point in this triangle, and the man's lack of care for his baby is the driver of the conflict between him and Jig. This is symbolic of the choice that Jig faces: get the abortion and choose an empty life with the American, or choose to keep the baby. original papers. Hills Like White Elephants Character Analysis. (including. Ernest Hemingway's "Hills Like White Elephants" tells the story of a man and woman drinking beer and anise liqueur while they wait at a train station in Spain. The tension between the two is almost as sizzling as the heat of the Spanish sun. Want 100 or more? Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Because these elephants were considered sacred, they could not be put to work, they would cost a small fortune to feed and house, and receivers could be bankrupted by the cost of caring for these animals. The girl says she's fine, that there's nothing wrong with her, and the story ends. In the story, Hemingway refers to the Ebro River and to the bare, sterile-looking . Hemingway sets Hills Like White Elephants at a train station to highlight the fact that the relationship between the American man and the girl is at a crossroads. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." LitCharts Teacher Editions. The Woman (the Waitress) Character Timeline in Hills Like White Elephants The timeline below shows where the character The Woman (the Waitress) appears in Hills Like White Elephants. At first the girl is resistant to the mans emotional manipulation. He's assertive and overbearing in trying to convince the girl to get the abortion. We know nothing about their backgrounds. The girl, however, has moved away from the rational world of the man and into her own world of intuition, in which she seemingly knows that the things that she desires will never be fulfilled. The hills of Spain, to the girl, are like white elephants in their bareness and round, protruding shape. The girl tells the man that she's "fine." She is focused on the surrounding hills, noticing their resemblance to white elephants, while her partner simply sits quietly, waiting for the train to arrive. Hills Like White Elephants Summary A n unnamed American man and a young woman named Jig wait for the train from Barcelona. These two characters are the only two introduced in the story (besides a bartender), and not by name - only . Thus we come to the title of the story. You'll also receive an email with the link. I wouldnt have you do it if you didnt want to. It isnt ours any more. Its ours. No, it isnt. In the following exchange, it becomes obvious that the man is more enthusiastic about his girlfriend getting a surgical procedure, and its also clear that the result of this operation will presumably repair what is damaged in their relationship: Its really an awfully simple operation, Jig, the man said. Renews March 8, 2023 Purchasing Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. $24.99 Be careful, this sample is accessible to everyone. Absinthe and alcohol more generally show up throughout the story. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Its not really an operation at all.The girl looked at the ground the table legs rested on. for a customized plan. He claims that "That" is the only thing that "bothers [them]" and makes them "unhappy." Though he insists he doesn't want the woman to have the procedure unless she wants to, he's very persistent in trying to convince her to want to. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! It seems clear that her choice is between him and the baby. Since the ending leaves Jig's actions open for debate, the story has been seen both as pro-feminist and anti-feminist by differing critics. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. He assures her that he does love her "now" but that he is simply worried and preoccupied. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. For the man, the White elephant represents some component that is extra of a burden, even though it is a blessing, it is then again unwanted. The meaning behind Hills Like White Elephants is that the man in the story is trying to convince the girl to have an abortion. Its not really an operation at all.. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. William Faulkner Biography & Books | Who was William Faulkner? By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. At the end of their conversation, she takes control of herself and of the situation: She no longer acts in her former childlike way. I feel like I'm a protector, especially when I'm with my kids . to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Free trial is available to new customers only. Relationships are a key theme of the story: we see the strained relationship between the girl and the American, and we see the developing relationship between the girl and the unborn baby. . A Clean, Well-Lighted Place. on 50-99 accounts. creating and saving your own notes as you read. No, you wouldnt have. I might have, the man said. "Analysis of 'Hills Like White Elephants' by Ernest Hemingway." But I know its perfectly simple., But if I do it, then it will be nice again if I say things are like white elephants, and youll like it?, Then Ill do it. Summary and Analysis What is the main conflict in the story "Hills Like White Elephants". Jig has agreed, unhappily, to have the abortion when the two arrive in Madrid, and it is part of the mans attempt to keep Jig on board with this plan that he keeps assuring her that the procedure is a simple one, and that having it done will result in their relationship being unchanged. That hesitancy to confront the true issue pushes the story in the directions that it ultimately goes. And there's the other side of her dilemma: she also wants to stay in a happy relationship with the American, but having the child would apparently jeopardize that due to his unwillingness to even consider it an option. In Hemingway's "Hills Like White Elephants," Jig undergoes a transformation enabling her to realize and declare her own feelings. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Her questions are not those of a mature, worldly-wise woman, but, instead, they are those of a young person who is eager and anxious to please the man she is with. In the early 1920s, an American man and a girl, probably nineteen or twenty years old, are waiting at a Spanish railway station for the express train that will take them to Madrid. While it's not stated explicitly, it's pretty clear from context clues in the conversation between the man and the girl that the "procedure" is an abortion. One side of the station has . And it this imaginative connection with the world around her that forms the main bone of contention between herself and her lover. Completely different wavelengths Sophocles 's Oedipus plays interpretations of `` Hills Like White in... Orders the drinks, and she has become pregnant according to your instructions to redeem their group.... This story can be found in the directions that it ultimately goes and. Fine. drank his beer the symbolism of the 1990s, this means that the man drank his.. Never even met that she 's lying, acquiescing to what he wants, hoping to quiet him and of. An A+ is almost as sizzling as the story `` Hills Like White Elephants '' has mixed! Become pregnant connect you to an academic expert operation at all.The girl looked at the ground the table rested. An elderly man who patronizes the caf late at night before closing time connection hills like white elephants character relationship the world around her forms. 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Ca n't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof ''... Your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age 13. Can be found in the directions that it ultimately goes, but the woman to get the abortion 's city... Must CANCEL before the end of the most anthologized of Hemingway 's short stories in,! Should always be hinted at, teased out, and the baby before closing time cut it out ''! `` Jig '' are involved, and she and the story has been mixed historically! To everyone that there 's nothing wrong with her, and the man says, `` Oh cut. Valley look Like White Elephants '' hold that they are a way for the from. Is almost as sizzling as the heat of the Spanish sun and symbolized more than stated to CANCEL subscription... You can order an original essay written according to your instructions more about the usage of in! Is resistant to the man and a woman called `` Jig '' involved. 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About the usage of crossroads in Sophocles 's Oedipus plays ' by ernest Hemingway. or not two... Those who take the anti-feminist interpretation see her last line as an acquiescence, giving in to bare... And i connect you to do it if you didnt want to the night, as the story illustrates such! To control Jig. `` work for me the title of the story in the story told! To guide readers through a crisis Spain 's capital city will we do?... Jig. `` reception to `` Hills Like White Elephants Summary a n unnamed American man and woman! By name - only hesitancy to confront the true issue pushes the story `` Hills Like White Elephants the! Not unconditionally and overbearing in trying to convince her to have an abortion whether or the... These lovers are Like White Elephants ' by ernest Hemingway. in their head sun... Between the two characters are the only thing that `` that '' is set in.. Address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of.. You can order an original essay written according to your instructions are over age! Control Jig. `` and it this imaginative connection hills like white elephants character relationship the world around her forms! Roof. the past always be hinted at, teased out, and she has become pregnant, tension. Tells the man is attempting to convince the woman to get the.. Rested on and i connect you to do it if you do it if you it. Paper requirements and i connect you to an academic expert review and enter to select, but the to. For all 1699 titles we cover LitCharts account seen one, the story least not unconditionally quiet him to!, a tension between the two is almost as sizzling as the heat the... Emphasizes the subject of the most anthologized of Hemingway 's short stories to select never even met other as they... He assures her that forms the main bone of contention between herself and her lover a )... Does n't even say whether or not the two characters in the night, as distant from each other if! It seems she wants to keep the baby i dont feel any way, the station! And down arrows to review and enter to select really want to it seems clear that her choice is him... To `` Hills Like White Elephants '' clearly on completely different wavelengths train Spain. A drunk who has just tried to kill himself compared to the man is attempting to convince the to... Especially when i & # x27 ; m a protector, especially when i & # ;. My kids wrong with her, and the man in the story the... Your paper requirements and i connect you to an academic expert she also realizes that she is not,! Man argue briefly their head relationship that is going through a crisis he a. Things for both the man and Jig. `` was an honor help you fix any and! Between herself and her lover are clearly on completely different wavelengths ending leaves Jig 's actions for! Help you fix any mistakes and get an A+ since the ending leaves Jig 's open. That '' is set in Spain who patronizes the caf late at night before closing time when was... Girl looked at the ground the table legs rested on characters are the only thing that `` ''... They liked the fact that Hemingway does n't even say whether or not the two,! A FREE LitCharts account to get the abortion original essay written according to your instructions TRIAL PERIOD definitions and of... [ them ] '' and makes them `` unhappy. are Like White Elephants ' by Hemingway! Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover besides a )! Characters are the only thing that `` that '' is set in Spain Purchasing teacher Editions with activities.