As the biggest gaming company in the world, Tencent certainly has global reach, even if people dont yet know it. Satya Nadella is a leader on the risefor the last five years, he's served as the CEO of Microsoft, quickly earning a name for himself in the world beyond tech. A charismatic leader is a person, who has the ability to influence people and who, consequently, has some controlling power over them [9]. Based on the streamlined approach to replenishment, Ohno devised the Toyota Production System, which is more broadly known as lean manufacturing or Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory system. Second, if youre into gaming, chances are youre playing on a platform owned by Tencent. Afterwards, 80 percent of the company's revenue came from deals struck with telecom operators who agreed to share message fees. Its now vogue to call customers users. Red Packets are a good example. Toward the end of the second world war, Taiichi Ohno worked as a production engineer for Toyota, a Japanese car manufacture founded in Japan by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 [83]. Therefore, the framework that appeared to suit the best in terms of analyzing environments that combine entrepreneurship and innovation is that of visionary leadership [20, 21, 22]. Then, in 1975, Ortega started the first Zaras ready-to-wear clothing store. In the case of entrepreneurial leadership, Gupta, MacMillan, and Surie came up with a list of 19 leadership attributes that appeared to be the most relevant [17]. North America, Western Europe and Eastern Asia, (2) the chosen corporations should be at the highest possible position in the rank of global top 100 companies as per market value [29], and (2) those firms should have become industry leaders in (a) a relatively short period of timeless than 20years, and (b) after leveraging some competitive advantage based on discontinuous innovation. In a way, it almost doesnt matter what youre passionate about [75]. Tencent, which owns a stake in. Taobao did not charge a fee but made money from online services and advertising. In essence, Googles business model has been labeled as continuous disruptive innovation [51] or continuous innovation [50]. But imitation, when executed well, is a valid form of innovation. As a world, were doing a better job of that. Gates is as introverted, similar to Larry Page [45, 55] and, definitively, he is not as charismatic as Steve Jobs [39, 45, 71, 72], but, still, he has been equally visionary. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Facebook was banned in China in July 2009, the same year WhatsApp launched. Six years later, in 2005, Alibaba attracted the attention of Yahoo!, which bought a 40 percent stake. Entrepreneurial leadership framework appears to be a suitable option for the study in terms of effectively measuring the entrepreneurial aspect in leadership, but it does not really screen or measure elements that may impact discontinuous innovation [17], which would be mandatory for the chosen context. The concept of transformational leadership was introduced by James MacGregor Burns in his book Leadership [4] and then further developed in Transforming Leadership: A New Pursuit of Happiness [5]. [5], Speaking of censorship at a tech conference in Singapore, Ma was quoted as saying "In terms of information security management, online companies from any country must abide by a defined set of criteria, and act responsibly. Corrections? This method required concentration of researchers and projects in one spot. 5 On Chinas 100 Richest 2022 Despite A Drop In Wealth, Taiwan Billionaire Rudy Ma, Founder Of Yuanta Financial Holdings, Dies At 82, Three Of Chinas Richest Lose More Than $16 Billion In One Day As Stock Rout Hits Hong Kong-Listed Companies, Tencents Pony Ma Falls To No. Besides other studies, interviews, and papers that prove this point [55, 71, 72, 75], Zuckerberg produced a number of quotes that support this statement. As of 2015[update], WeChat (, Weixin), is the largest instant messaging platform in the world, used by 48 percent of Internet users in the Asia-Pacific region. Looking at the history of Alibaba, Jack Ma is good at adapting new strategies to gain . Ma Huateng (also known as Pony Ma) chairs Chinese internet giant Tencent Holdings. It is the same that causes people to wantna be poets instead of bankers, and I think this is a wonderful thing. Ma has an ABC AI, big data and cloud expansion strategy. Then, his two roommates, Chris Hughes and Dustin Moskovitz, helped him add a few features and they made Facebook available to other universities [74]. Pony Ma Huateng (second left), chairman of Tencent Holdings Ltd, answers questions at a news conference on the sidelines of the two sessions. Once a poor lad who survived by guiding tourists, Jack went on to rise above his humble condition and achieve success. A recurring leadership style in this paper is the transformational le adership style which, according to Northouse (2004), is "one of the current approaches to leadership that has been the focus of much research since the early 1980s" (p. 169). Rev. Menlo Park hub was then succeeded by a larger laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey [53]. Ma said in December 2015 that Tencent would open a internet hospital in Wuzhen to facilitate long-distance diagnosis and pharmaceutical delivery. For us, it is important to choose a character, super emphasis on this one. Ma Huateng is a business tycoon, an entrepreneur, an engineer, a philanthropist, and an investor. Please enter a keyword and click the arrow to search the site, How the man behind the Chinese goliath keeps innovating. On being a pioneer: In a world thats changing really quickly, the only strategy that is guaranteed to fail is not taking risks [75]. She's been named one of Fortune's World's Greatest Leaders, Fortune's 40 Under 40, a WSJ Magazine Innovator of the Year, a Future Lion of New York by the New York Times, a Harold W. McGraw, Jr. Prize in Education winner, one of the 50 Most Powerful Women in New York by the New York Daily News, CNBC's Next List, Forbes's Most Powerful Women As organisations grow larger they often become insular and bureaucratic. Ma believes that innovation follows the other six principles agility, openness, user rst, speed, resilience and evolution. He registered more than 1000 patents in the US alone [53] and founded more than 300 companies [34, 35, 36, 53]. How? He was born in 1971 in Chaoyang, Shantou, China. He later managed a clothing store that catered to wealthy clients. Yet few, in the West at least, have heard of it. According to Weber, charisma is defined as a set of qualities in a person that allows him or her to be set apart from ordinary people and treated as endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities regarded as of divine origin or as exemplary, and on the basis of them the individual concerned is treated as a leader [8]. An overwhelming percentage of the disruptively successful companies in the top 100 as per market capitalization are American and, mostly, they are located in Silicon Valley. After purchasing ICQ in 1998, AOL initiated an arbitration against Tencent with the National Arbitration Forum in the United States, alleging that OICQs domain names OICQ.com and OICQ.net were infringing on ICQs trademark. In those days, Toyota was much less productive than its Detroit-based competitors, the Big ThreeGeneral Motors, Ford, and Chrysler [83]. The Inditex group is a multinational textile fashion retailer firm founded in 1985 in A Corua, Spain. The founders like to be simple and dont like to be politicized. Inditexs supply chain operations focus on three aspects: maximizing resources used, minimizing inventory, and minimizing lead times [78]. Tencent's market hierarchy and teamwork innovation orientation cultures were shaped by these two leadership styles, respectively. Ma Huateng (Chinese: ; pinyin: M Hutng, born on October 29, 1971), also known as Pony Ma,[2] is a Chinese billionaire business magnate. Skill based approach emphasizes the leader's technical, human, and conceptual. We may process your personal information for carefully considered, specific purposes which enable us to enhance our services and benefit our customers. Reshma began her career as an attorney and activist, and founded Girls Who Code (GWC) after witnessing first-hand the gender gap in the field of Computer Science while running for US Congress (fun fact: Reshma was the first South Asian woman to run . Ortega also is, as most of the previously analyzed leaders, an introvert. [33], Since Tencent's prized service OICQ was offered free of charge, the company looked to venture capitalists to finance its growing operational costs. [30] He also worked for Shenzhen Runxun Communications Co. Ltd. () in the research and development department for Internet calling services. [19] Ma Huateng ranks fourth in the list of Forbes's China's 100 Richest, with a net worth of US$23.4 billion in December 2022. Besides, Tencent has earned its premier status and, as long as Ma keeps pushing his principles, perhaps the rest of the world can adopt them as their own. [31] Inspired by the idea, Ma and his team launched in February 1999 a similar software, with a Chinese interface and a slightly different name OICQ (or, Open ICQ). A year later the company launched the Internet-based QQ service (then called OICQ), which soon became one of Chinas most-popular instant-messaging platforms. He is the founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Tencent, Asia's most valuable company, one of the largest Internet and technology companies, and one of the biggest investment, gaming and entertainment conglomerates in the world. The companys influence on the Chinese market was immense. Ma Huateng is also the youngest amongst the first 15 multi-billionaires in the world. Regardless of age and background, users want clear, simple, natural, easy-to-use design and products. Thats why we allow those who understand the needs of younger users to do the job, said Ma. Zara soon became not only an internationally famous chain but also the flagship of the holding company Inditex, which he founded 10years later [76]. It has also partnered with Oracle as a way of expanding rapidly into software-as-a-service applications. The other quality of a visionary leader, supporting internal growth, was clearly evinced by the way that he spoke about Toyota and its organizational style over the length of his career. Pony is Mas nickname, which comes from the English version of his surname Ma, which means horse. Ma is known for his reclusive lifestyle and rarely appears in the public. Part of WeChats early success was its likeness to WhatsApp and Kik, designed for the smartphone. [Google . During the second quarter of 2020, the company posted net sales (revenue) of RMB 114.83 billion. [Google Scholar] Vera, D.; Crossan, M. Strategic leadership and organizational learning. Employees share insights, software and entire bodies of code from other parts of the business. But Tencent came of age before mobile. In regard of the reasons why this type of profile is required in the studied context, one may be the fact that, in the case of disruptive innovation, nobody, even clients, may be able to forecast or imagine items such as the final functions and aspect of the products, the expected demand, and other features. In 2000, Ma turned to US investment firm IDC and Hong Kong's telecom carrier Pacific Century CyberWorks (PCCW) who bought 40 percent of Tencent's shares for US$2.2 million. After his return to China, Ma founded China Pages, a website page developer for Chinese businesses. Google was started in 1998 in Menlo ParkCalifornia, USA. Tencent also offers web portals, e-commerce, and multiplayer online gaming, among other things. Including the selection of cadres, the character is very important. Tencent lost the case and had to relinquish the domain names. Googles innovation model is based on a hubGoogleplexthat attracts talent; this is the same model than Edisons [50, 52, 53]. It is the biggest mobile gaming franchise in the world, surpassing the revenues of Microsoft and Sony. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Part of Mas deck-spreading strategy is to take Tencent worldwide, in line with the Chinese governments One Belt, One Road national grand plan. April 6, 2021. We should not give up the dream of scoring stunning goals in the science and technology . After giving a quick review of state-of-the-art of the leadership research and theories [1], this chapter shortlists, briefly explains, and finally analyzes the candidate frameworks and chooses the apparently most suitable one. Autocratic leadership style. After the AOL case, Ma decided to expand the business portfolio of Tencent. Ma and his colleagues were inspired by the concept and developed a comparable program with a Chinese interface and a slightly different name OICQ (or, Open ICQ). Even for software as complicated as QQ, they still maintained the speed of releasing two to three versions every month. In 2017, Fortune ranked him as among the top businessmen of the year. 2.0Leadership Style of Pony Ma Huateng When starting-up of Tencent Company, Pony Ma was a transactional leader who leads his subordinates through transactions which is more emphasize on quality of product and the relationship with employees is more like in contract form. Edison took advantage of the opportunity to learn telegraphy and, in 1863, he became an apprentice telegrapher. . [Photo by Tang Mingming/For China Daily] NPC deputy believes digital economy could become the engine driving China's next phase of development, affecting many sectors The resulting corporation was General Electric Company (GE) [61, 63]. Steve Jobs ranked top in the list of the 20 most influential Americans of all times [34]. What is the profession of Ma Huateng? While its Western peers face further scrutiny on privacy, Tencent is less restricted. The four models that were considered potentially suitable for a context of disruptive successtransformational, charismatic, entrepreneurial, and visionaryunderwent a further scrutiny in order to determine which one would better suit the context of disruptive success, as it is briefly described in the next paragraph. On being an innovator: People think innovation is just having a good idea but a lot of it is just moving quickly and trying a lot of things [75]. Rudy Ma, the founder of financial services company Yuanta Financial Holdings, died Tuesday evening at age 82. It is clear that Ma regularly uses a mix of Goleman's four important leadership style to create a positive climate within the Alibaba group. He is the son of Ma Chenshu and Huang Huiqing. Associate Editor, Encyclopdia Britannica. He reportedly earned $176 per month. Eventually, it is interesting to notice that many other leaders analyzed in this study also are, apparently, introvert, e.g. The power of cross-cultural collaboration, Leading digital transformation: what you must know, Discover fresh perspectives and research insights from LBS. The company's first product came after Ma participated in a presentation for ICQ, the world's first Internet instant messaging service, founded in 1996 by an Israeli company. Past attempts at breaking the international market alone havent fared well. He is said to own property in Hong Kong as well as art worth $150 million. Nationality Chinese. Ma asks people to try bravely, without hesitation, which is how WeChat came about. Neat. Leadership style refers to the way the leaders represent their ways of running an organization. Edison also was one of the first entrepreneurs to apply the principles of organized teamwork to the process of invention [65]. By Urban Woman. Chinese internet entrepreneur (born 1971), "Bloomberg Billionaires Index: Ma Huateng", "Pony Ma, the global strategist with deep pockets", "Tencent posts 69 percent jump in quarterly net profit; becomes the most valuable company in Asia", Investing in China: The Emerging Venture Capital Industry, "The 100 Most Influential People in the World", Biographical Dictionary of New Chinese Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders, Pg. Jobs was raised by adoptive parents in Cupertino, Californiain Silicon Valley. It was even risky, he thought, to rely too much on the founding team. London Business School takes your privacy seriously. From 1977 to 1985, Apple was managed by six Chief Executive Officers (Finkle & Mallin, 2010). A Study of the Influence of Ma Huateng's Leadership Style Evolution on the Culture of Tencent: Based on the Contingency Leadership Theory. His passions kept changing over the time. Small rms that have grown rapidly, such as Tencent, have an advantage: theyre born agile. [27] He received a Bachelor of Science in computer and applied engineering from Shenzhen University in 1993. He considered the next generation better positioned to dream up the next big product idea. Tencents immense success made Ma, who was widely referred to as Pony Ma (the nickname was a play on his surname, which means horse in Chinese), one of the wealthiest individuals in China. Tencent, which owns a stake in U.S. videogame company Epic Games, is one of the largest videogame publishers in the world. Licensee IntechOpen. In 2017 Tencent opened its rst data centre in Silicon Valley and announced plans for ve more outside China. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Ma completed his remaining schooling from there and found a keen interest in computer technologies. Leadership. On being an innovator: Invention is not enough. Leader influence on followers Jack Ma was a charismatic leader that influences his follows; they used to find his a credible source of information so they trust every word he says. Here's an overview of eight common leadership styles, from autocratic to visionary, with a look at the benefits and challenges of each style: 1. Zhang was concerned that Kik or similar products could rival Tencents QQ. Ma Huateng seldom appears in the media and is known for his secretive lifestyle. UNITED KINGDOM, Leadership - Advancing Great Leadership Practices and Good Leaders, Leadership - Advancing Great Leadership Practices and Good Leaders [Working Title], Ranked in the list of the 20 most influential Americans of all times [, Ranked in the top of the greatest innovators of all times according to the Lemelson-Mit Invention Index [, Lean manufacturing, Just-In-Time (JIT), and derivative approaches created by Ohno are still currently used by a large percentage of manufacturing firms [, Industria de Diseo Textil, S.A. (Inditex). Therefore, the list of multinationals and leaders included in the study is as follows: Toyota Motor Corporation; Taiichi Ohno. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ma-Huateng. The Alibaba Group cofounder has been laying low for the last two years amid the Chinese governments crackdown on industry. He believes in leading a transformational leading style by giving an affable environment to his employees. This is related to our culture. From the very beginning, General Electric adopted an innovation development strategy similar to Googles. Tencent Holdings Ltd., also known as Tencent, is a Chinese multinational technology conglomerate holding company founded by Ma Huateng in 1998. Elements of disruptive innovation can be found in at least four of the items in Apples list: personal computers, music distribution, tablet computing, and digital publishing. The Tencent Group (HKG: $0700 ) has developed a good understanding of the consumer behaviour in the Chinese digital market after years of dominating the market - and also refined a rather unique business model. And these products can be manufactured and given to people and they can sense that spirit [45]. In 1993, he graduated from Shenzhen University with a Bachelor of Science in computers and applied to engineering. The list includes personal computers, music distribution, tablet computing, mobile phones and digital publishing. The innovation is the latest to integrate WeChat into peoples everyday lives cementing its status as the app for everything. Leadership style and approach Ma Huateng pursues the leadership styles which aids in running his company in a successful way. Based on the contingency leadership theory,this paper analyzes the leadership style of Ma Huateng and examines the impact of his leadership style evolution on Tencent culture.Ma's leadership style changed from transactional leadership to transformational leadership.These two leadership styles shaped Tencent's markethierarchy orientation culture By mlavoie on June 1, 2019. Since that time, the principle of lean manufacturing has been adopted by many firms and industries [84, 86, 87]. China, Tencent Holdings Limited; Ma Huateng. Ma Huateng , born on October 29, 1971), also known as Pony Ma, is a Chinese billionaire business magnate. The 46-year-old magnate shies away from the spotlight, preferring to lead rather decisively from the shadows. Omissions? His father, Ma Chenshu, moved to Shenzhen to work as a port manager when Huateng was quite young. In November 2017, his net worth briefly surpassed that of Larry Page and Sergey Brin (individually) ranking him the ninth richest man in the world, and the first citizen from China to enter Forbes' top 10 richest list,[20][21][22][23] though the net worth of Page and of Brin have each since eclipsed that of Ma. He started off by improving his communication skills and also learned English. Tencent cofounder Ma Huateng (also known as Pony Ma) led the dive with a $6.1 billion wealth plunge, followed by Nongfu Spring Chairman Zhong Shanshans $5.6 billion and Country Garden Co-chairman Yang Huiyans $4.7 billion. Its business roughly splits into three. A strategy of continuous renewal Logical incrementalism All five leaders had a clear sense of where they wanted to lead their companies but theirs was not a grand vision, rather a sequence of goals Jack Ma's wealth gain for the year all but evaporated, after Alibabas stock was dragged lower on renewed worries over the companys growth prospects. Also called the "authoritarian style of leadership," this type of leader is someone who's focused primarily on results and team efficiency. Tencent also create Qzone, which boasted 670 million monthly users by 2015 [94]. In this process, store managers constantly communicate customer feedbacks to collection designers, who immediately update models and production [77, 78]. The principles of organized teamwork to the process of invention [ 65.! Advantage of the 20 most influential Americans of all times [ 34 ] innovation development similar! Emphasis on this one leadership styles which aids in running his company in a Corua, Spain month! 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