[155] Speer was photographed with slave laborers at Mauthausen concentration camp during a visit on 31 March 1943; he also visited Gusen concentration camp. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. The Speer houses are on the right side. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. For a treatise on this aspect of the war including Speer's involvement see: Randall, Hansen, Last edited on 17 February 2023, at 08:56, Reich Minister of Armaments and War Production, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions, "Trials of the War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals, Volume II: The Milch Case", "Wartime reports debunk Speer as the good Nazi", "Letter proves Speer knew of Holocaust plan", "Historiker ber Albert Speer: "Er tat alles fr den Endsieg", "Rechtfertigung und Entlastung. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". [36] At the northern end of the boulevard, Speer planned to build the Volkshalle, a huge domed assembly hall over 700 feet (210m) high, with floor space for 180,000 people. [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. Speer has paid his penance for his part of the inner circle and had come to the realization of Germany's reality during WWII. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. In 1918, moved to Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg, Heidelberg, Germany. [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . I was searching for information about Ernst (?) [75] By April 1943, Sauckel had supplied 1,568,801 "voluntary" laborers, forced laborers, prisoners of war and concentration camp prisoners to Speer for use in his armaments factories. "[4] His brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood. The rockets were researched at a facility in Peenemnde along with the V-1 flying bomb. Speer's desperate mother called Speer . By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". [12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. Albert Speer ( 19. bezna 1905 Mannheim - 1. z 1981 Londn ), celm jmnem Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, byl hlavn architekt Adolfa Hitlera a pozdji ministr zbrojnho a vlenho prmyslu nacistickho Nmecka. The complicated architecture of Albert Speer, Jr. From being the son of a Nazi to becoming one of the world's foremost architects, this 82-year-old urban planner has been on top of the German planning world for more than half a century. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. Beginning in 1948, Speer had the services of Toni Proost, a sympathetic Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings. sent during this battle. Startseite; Cytologie. After his release on 1 October 1966, he used Federal Archive documents to rework the material into his autobiography. An architect by training, Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1931. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . Speer arrived there the previous evening and accepted Todt's offer to fly with him to Berlin. Post [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. [183], This article is about the Nazi minister. "It is not charity; I don't like that . [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". Until 2 September 1943 the position's official name was Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions. the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. Finally, Speer states, "Because I failed at the time, I still feel, to this day, responsible for Auschwitz in a wholly personal sense. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. Sauckel had whole villages in France, Holland and Belgium forcibly rounded up and shipped to Speer's factories. Albert was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. He remained so even after his release from imprisonment in 1966, despite their efforts to forge closer bonds. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 07:49, Post If built, the German Stadium would have accommodated 400,000 spectators. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). [13], In mid-1922, Speer began courting Margarete (Margret) Weber (19051987), the daughter of a successful craftsman who employed 50 workers. [71] Speer and Sauckel cooperated closely to meet Speer's labor demands. [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. [78] In August 1943, he took control of most of the Ministry of Economics, to become, in Admiral Dnitz's words, "Europe's economic dictator". [40] Speer was involved virtually from the beginning. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. On May 15th, 1945, the Americans captured Speer and quizzed him on the success or otherwise of the Allied bombing campaign. Little remains of his personal architectural work. [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Germany's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. happened. Albert Einstein lived in the USA, so was not where the holocaust He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. 4.10 avg rating 13,205 ratings published 1969 86 editions. Its aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of fighter aircraft production. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. Labor to build the A4 rockets came from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. I myself must carry this out. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. Stalingrad was a classic example where he refused to provide the equipment necessary to supply his army on the Eastern front during the terrible winter of 1941. Albert Speer's account of all his experiences during the war was to me, totally fascinating. Speer liked the scenario so much that he wrote it into his memoirs. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . He later published a work about Himmler and the SS which has been published in English as The Slave State: Heinrich Himmler's Masterplan for SS Supremacy or Infiltration: How Heinrich Himmler Schemed to Build an SS Industrial Empire (in German, Der Sklavenstaat - Meine Auseinandersetzung mit der SS). Inside the Third Reich begins with an account of Speer's childhood, followed by a description of his role as Heinrich Tessenow's assistant at the Technical University of Berlin. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. [47] Speer denied he knew they were being put on Holocaust trains and claimed that those displaced were, "Completely free and their families were still in their apartments". The large capital investment was not repaid in military effectiveness. [26] Brechtken added that, throughout Speer's life, his central motives were to gain power, rule, and acquire wealth. The oldest brother turned into a thorn in his youger brother "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". This is followed by an epilogue dealing with the end of the war in Europe and the resulting Nuremberg trials, in which Speer was sentenced to a 20-year prison term for his actions during the war. It is primarily based on the memoirs of Gertraud "Traudl" Junge ( Alexandra Maria Lara ), one of Hitler's secretaries, and is one of the most accurate portrayals of the last, desperate days of the Third Reich and its effects on the Fhrer, his closest aides, and ordinary Germans. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. [37] Speer hired Wolters as part of his design team, with special responsibility for the Prachtstrasse. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. He was acquitted on the other two counts. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. The task force was established by 1 March 1944, orders of Speer, with support from Erhard Milch of the Reich Aviation Ministry. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. sort by. [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. [7], Speer began his architectural studies at the University of Karlsruhe instead of a more highly acclaimed institution because the hyperinflation crisis of 1923 limited his parents' income. It was for the maltreatment of these people, that Speer was principally convicted at the Nuremberg Trials. Werner Heisenberg told Speer "the scientific solution had already been found and that theoretically nothing stood in the way of building such a bomb." He suffered a stroke and died in London on 1 September. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. he is one of Germany's top architects. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. [160] This construction was accepted almost at face value by historian Hugh Trevor-Roper when investigating the death of Adolf Hitler for British Intelligence and in writing The Last Days of Hitler. [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. - London, Anglia, 1981. szeptember 1.) This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. Aviation Ministry was in control of Organisation Todt to his deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch navy 's submarines in. 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