One common palm tree stump removal method is rotting the palm tree stump using chemicals. When roots meet resistance, they might grow downwards rather than upwards. These cracks and weak points allow areas from the roots to grow through, which may cause even more damage. If the roots have been able to cause this much damage, there is likely an underlying problem with the houses foundation that requires urgent attention. Note that vehicle driveways and foundations are usually built very strong so palms won't havean effect on them. Can Queen palm roots damage foundation or pipes? Some trees are more prone to damaging foundations than others. 5 Allergy-Friendly Houseplants (2021), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiUf6cIOllY, Are Tree Roots Really Damaging Foundations? However, which tree species that are bad for foundations should you avoid? Trees that have extremely aggressive root systems, and whose roots tend to grow laterally, are common causes of damaged foundations. You cannot paste images directly. Some of these plants are commonly called "moss," such as Spanish moss or ball moss, but they aren't moss. Can tree roots cause foundation problems? If you've got a question about trees, we've got the answer. The roots from smaller, younger trees are not yet hardened or strong enough to cause any actual harm to a houses foundation. Trees such as the Japanese Maple and the Crabapple tree are good options. In my case I have clear evidence of concrete walkways tilted by the roots of older king palms andby onequeen as well. Tree roots that grow too close to your foundation do not physically grow into your home. The most common trees that damage building foundations include Norway maples, silver maples, oaks, ash, poplar, walnut, cottonwood, and sycamore trees. Deciduous trees most commonly have these root systems, but some evergreen varieties are also dangerous for foundations.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'homeinspectioninsider_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_1',835,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-homeinspectioninsider_com-medrectangle-3-0'); There is an extensive list of trees that should not be grown anywhere near a house or any other building due to damage that they are likely to cause tree root damage to the foundation. Slow-growing trees generally have less destructive roots than those that grow quickly. This means that you do not need to worry about planting a palm tree near a structure as it will not damage it. Leaf Identification, 9 Cypress Wood Uses (And Why Its So Valuable + Expensive), Tree Moss in Florida: Why it Happens and What To Do, Moss On Your Oak Tree? Roberts, J., Jackson, N., & Smith, M. (2006). 1 Jeff Lane Registered Forester and Certified Arborist 3 y Related Does moss damage trees? Furthermore, trees with extensive root systems can damage pool walls or pool plumbing. Some ash trees can grow up to 100 feet tall. You will not have any problems with your garage foundation. Cypress, Read More 9 Cypress Wood Uses (And Why Its So Valuable + Expensive)Continue, Florida, the sunshine state and most southeastern state in the United States of America, has one of the most beautifully diverse plant lives. How do I protect my foundations from tree roots? The risk is related to the size of the tree and therefore, in the case of fruit trees, on how dwarfing or invigorating the rootstock is. by Phil Bergman. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. These signs include vertical cracks on the walls near the tree, visibly uneven door and window frames, foundation floor cracks, and shattered or cracked windows especially when there isnt any other evidence of a reason for such cracks. These trees have root systems that are extremely unlikely to cause any damage to the house, are easy to maintain, and are all attractive trees that will increase the aesthetic appeal of any home. Another way to avoid issues is to select a tree with roots that are less invasive. This tree is very hard to control once its established, which makes it a possible problem tree for homeowners. Photo by Bill Seaman. To do so safely, you will need first to measure the tree's diameter in inches and then multiply the diameter by either 5 or 8. The resulting number will be the safest distance away from the tree from which you can do the cutting without seriously harming the tree. Kentucky Subscriber. San Francisco Changes Zoning Code to Promote Urban Agriculture. Substantiated: Christmas Palm roots do not carry the "force" that it would take to upheave a 4" compacted coquina base, (or concrete for that matter). Because wood requires nitrogen during its composition process, providing it with more of this nutrient can speed things up. The worst tree species to plant near a house are oak, ash, and poplar trees. Every part of nature serves a purpose. To be fair, tree roots themselves are not the direct cause of foundation damage, though many homeowners believe they are. Cheers. Ideally, you should plant it at least half the distance of the trees mature canopy. But if the soil is low in nutrients or moisture, palm trees can grow longer roots to find water and nutrient sources. However, for trees with invasive root systems, a distance of over 25 feet is a safer bet. As roots grow and expand they can displace soil, causing it to shift. Yes, the roots could damage the foundation. Upload or insert images from URL. The third most damaging tree on our list is poplar trees. They typically do not pose any danger to your homes foundation, and their proximity can, in some cases, be beneficial. This can be made easy if you draw a line from the nearest tree to your house and simply dig around this area of your foundation. Biddle, G. (2001, October 10-13). In clay soil types, this moisture absorption causes the soil to shrink. Nothing makes a hike in the woods or a walk in the park quite as nice as the beautiful landscape dotted with towering trees. People suffering from Fibrosis need to boil 3-5 finger-long pieces of roots and drink them for a few days. It also has little to no aesthetic appeal. Read on for more information! Palm tree roots are narrow and shallow and do not generally damage pipes. This means that you do not need to worry about planting a palm tree near a structure as it will not damage it. Generally, there is no need to worry about palm tree roots damaging the foundation of your home. Not to be confused with palm tree stump killer, palm tree stump rotting aids generally contain some form of nitrogen. If the foundation problems are caused by the soil shrinking from loss of water, this addition of water can swell the soil back to its original level, closing the cracks. This is most common if the home is built on clay soil. In theory, yes, but in practise it is usually not feasible to install tree root barriers to sufficient depth. But, when that moisture is gone, clay soils tend to shrivel up and, you guessed it, shrink! This damage is usually caused by deciduous trees, as their roots tend to be solid and long and grow deeply and laterally.27 Tree Species That Are Bad For Foundations (Explained) 5. You are more likely to find roots growing along your foundation than beneath it. However, larger, older trees have more vigorous roots. Copyright 2023 GoTreeQuotes - All Rights Reserved - Privacy Policy - Terms & Conditions - Sitemap, Removing a tree near your home may also be necessary if it has. Lets look more closely at the damaging effects of tree roots on the houses foundation. Do Palm Trees Bloom? Foundation Repair Tip of the Day #175 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiUf6cIOllY). https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/40592(270)1. These trees have a high potential to do damage underground. Other terms may apply. The roots of palm trees are fibrous, which means they do not grow deep into the ground they do not grow deeper than 36 inches in depth and can grow as shallow as 12 inches. So, these foundation problems will only continue to grow! With how tall palm trees get, you might be inclined to think that they need root systems that go deep into the ground to keep them standing in high winds. Manage Settings Some species of plam tree produce dates or fruit, that either attract annoying wildlife (screeching bats) or create a mess around the pool or in the pool (clogging filter systems). The tree roots, in their search for water, will increase the drying out of the soil in the surrounding area . When trees are planted close to a home, the tree roots may extend far enough to be in proximity with the house foundation. Remember: the spread of tree roots can be two to four times greater than the drip line of the . This method of root control is only applicable for specific trees, and there is no guarantee that the roots will not grow toward the house, but keeping the tree well-watered will help prevent the roots from spreading out in the search for moisture. Washingtonias, which are warm temperate palms - adapted to dry summer, only devour concrete, when planted to closely, through extension of root zone above ground. Slow-release chemicals can be used as growth inhibitors in residential areas to prevent root growth. Absolutely harmless. You get your own space, no need to worry about paying landlords or dealing with flimsy, thin walls between you and your neighbor. The thin roots bind to the soil, holding the soil particles together and making the tree sturdier. Before you go slicing into a tree's roots, call on a tree service to evaluate the situation and provide the best solution. Oak trees generally have a long lifespan. Palm tree roots are very thin, long, and fragile. Clay soils have a peculiar property where they can hold a ton of moisture. Palms just dont damage concrete. Some trees are excellent additions to a home and can drastically improve the houses appearance and may even increase the property value. However, large cultivars of palm trees can cause disturbance to plumbing pipes in the ground if planted in the yard. Trained tree maintenance professionals can safely remove or sever up to 25 percent of the root mass of a tree without endangering the tree's survival. Thereafter, proceed to use a spade to clear the topsoil from the cutting area and then cut the roots with a root saw. Many roots will grow toward the foundation and then be deflected by it and turn away from it or grow laterally next to it instead of under it. Boxelder trees are not very desirable in yards, streets, or urban areas. Palm trees do bloom, but not all of them. These root systems will likely grow under foundations and force them upward, causing structural heaving. THE 2 MAIN TYPES OF TREE ROOTS 1. What Trees Should Not Be Planted Close to a House? By grinding the stump, you dont disturb the deeper soil layers, which can increase settlement. I grew up on 50+ acres of pastures, woodlands, and a freshwater bass pond surrounded by apple orchards where I worked back in the day. That's the woodpile my Dad and I cut/stack for 10+ years to heat up our family home in Upstate, NY. They can cause the foundation to shift, something that will then lead to cracks and in some cases an entirely compromised foundation. Pneumatic digging allows trenching through a tree's critical root zone without severing vital roots. Their shallow root systems are less likely to invade the septic system and cause damage. The root zone extends horizontally from the tree for a distance at least equal to the tree's height. Though tree roots that take water can cause soil to shrink, clay soils can and do shrink on their own in dry weather, causing foundations to crack. Root barriers can also be used to keep roots out of the house area. The biggest problem with ash tree roots is that they are shallow. The trees that . There are other types of maple trees that very rarely cause foundation damage. This can result in roots pushing up against and undermining the foundation, causing . Removing a tree is generally safe if you dont uproot the tree. Without careful planning, planting a tree near a retaining wall, or adding one near a mature tree, can spell trouble for both. The trees to look out for are trees with shallow roots that grow relatively fast. If youre looking for some palm trees. University of Tennessee Extension: Choosing Sewer Safer Trees? When planting a palm tree near concrete structures, it is less likely that their root system might damage the foundation of your house or push up sidewalks. Lets examine the damage caused to foundations by tree roots and discuss which trees are the most damaging to house foundations. They can also drain moisture from the ground, which can make the soil dry out and settle. This is a good, low-maintenance way to protect your houses foundations from invasive tree roots. The most common trees that damage building foundations include Norway maples, silver maples, oaks, ash, poplar, walnut, cottonwood, and sycamore trees. Not so fast. Which Trees are Safe to Plant Close to a House? The accuracy or reliability of the data is not guaranteed or warranted in any way and I disclaim liability of any kind whatsoever, including, without limitation, liability for quality, performance, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose arising out of the use, or inability to use my data. Can Palm Tree Roots Damage Pipes? Given enough time, the roots will grow into openings and widen them. 3. Oak trees are the most damaging trees to house foundations. The roots of a palm tree can potentially cause damage to a foundation, especially if the tree is not properly cared for. Some palm trees do uproot more easily than others, however. Trees that grow near a house have several advantages, such as windbreaks and shade on hot days, but in most instances, a large tree growing close to a house is likely to cause more damage than the advantages can outweigh. Can you help? I've read generally that king palm tree roots don't typically damage concrete very much, due to their thin diameter and tendency to grow in the path of least resistance. Pasted as rich text. You can attempt to inhibit pipe damage from tree roots by creating a barrier between your main pipelines and trees. If this occurs, the houses foundations may heave, which causes severe structural damage to the building that is irreparable. Preserve at least 50 percent of the root system to maintain a healthy tree. If they are, you should consider cutting them, building root barriers, or simply removing the offending tree. Trimming Tree Roots. Palm roots are all about the same size (dinky) with very little branching going on, though old, large palms can have a lot of roots and still be a huge challenge to dig up. Granite Foundation Repair: How Tree Roots Damage Your Foundation. Palm trees with dead fronds near power lines can cause problems. Yet you should be careful about planting a palm tree too close to a house in case it is uprooted in strong weeds. The rooting environment strongly affects root growth. Trees or shrubs planted above water lines may penetrate gaps in underground pipes. Those kings will grow up and soon there will just be trunks and the crowns will be well overhead. Subsidence caused by tree roots is the most common damage inflicted by trees on houses. When the soil shrinks, it destabilizes the foundations support structure, and this can cause the foundation material to shift, settle, and crack. Trimming the roots of a tree is the best way to prevent the roots from causing damage to a house and its foundations. king palm trees' impact on concrete foundations? In reality, palm trees have some of the most shallow roots of any tree with their root system typically not going more than 3 deep. As the roots grow out further, they can more evenly collect the moisture and nutrients from the soil into the tree. Can Palm Tree Roots Cause Damage? Tree roots tend to grow outwards from the tree along the path of least resistance. This is because some trees do not have highly invasive and aggressive root systems. Queen and Coconut palms did the worst of any of the varieties looked at in the survey, with only 40% standing after the hurricane. There are two main ways that roots cause damage to your foundation. These three tree species are the most damaging to house foundations. mboyett (Michael Boyett, TREC #7290 (Ret) Boerne, TX) September 11, 2009, 9:34pm #2. No problem with kings for a foundation that deep. Generally, it would be best if you did not plant trees with large, long, lateral-growing roots close to a house. The worst trees for subsidence are Oak, Ash, Poplar, Willow, and Sycamore. Palm tree roots can be damaging to a foundation if they are allowed to grow unchecked. To do so, all you have to do is to dig one or two feet deep, next to the homes foundation. Randrup, T. B., McPherson, E. G., & Costello, L. R. (2001, March). Cut it down and dig out as much root system as possible but first check if the tree is protected. A rule of thumb for other trees, on at-risk soil types, is to have a separation distance at least equal to the mature height of the . In the process of settling, cracks can form in the foundation. J.D., Moisture from stormwater runoff collects near the houses foundation, making it the ideal environment for the roots to grow. Generally, during construction work, you may need to run your pipes from underneath the ground. They will either lift your building up, causing cracks, or they will shrink the soil, which causes the foundation to settle. Some ash trees grow 30 feet tall and have root systems up to 30 feet wide. The roots that belong to palm trees tend to be thin and narrow and therefore don't have the strength to cause any damage to a heavy foundation. If planted too close, the expanding trunk and roots of a palm tree will lift pavers and have been known to damage retaining walls. In this case, the root ball is not only the roots, but also the dirt that is pulled up with the plant. Roots can be far-reaching, so excavate a few feet in each direction to ensure you are seeing the whole scope of the root system. Can palm tree roots damage pipes? These are the trees that you want to look out for because their roots will be far- and fast-reaching. If you are planning on removing a tree, its important to consult with a professional first. You might decide to trim the roots, but you never know more roots might grow in the future and head towards the foundation as well. The tree roots will not normally damage the foundations of a house directly but they can increase the likelihood of subsidence when they are combined with a clay soil, which shrinks and swells as moisture content decreases and increases. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I'm Zack DeAngelis, the creator of Tree Journey. So, how exactly do roots shrink the soil? For such trees, they can also pose an injury risk if their bulky branches fall on the home. The following list of safe tree distances is a list referring to the potential damage from their roots to the foundations of your property which may cause subsidence. They can get under the foundation and raise up the building, or they can shrink the soil by removing water from it. Tree roots that grow laterally can grow under the foundation of a house, lifting the foundation and causing severe damage to the structure of the building. This tree is a popular choice due to its stunning appearance, but plant it near pipes and you will have problems, Liquidambar has fast growing invasive roots which can infiltrate and damage pipes fast. Because of how long they are and how many of them there are, the roots keep the tree firmly anchored into the ground even though theyre shallow. Can Removing a Tree Cause Foundation Problems? Tree roots are not strong enough to crush foundations or even sewer pipes and can be turned away with barriers. The two that are of most concern are Norway and silver maples. However. If you have an oak tree in your yard and a limb is hanging over your house, its best to remove it before it decides to drop on its own. This most often manifests itself in the form of concrete settling. Have you noticed its leaves turning yellow? They can assess the situation and determine the best course of action. As an affiliate, we earn from qualifying purchases. Brewers weeping spruce and the Norway spruce. To do so safely, you will need first to measure the trees diameter in inches and then multiply the diameter by either 5 or 8. 27 Tree Species That Are Bad For Foundations (Explained). This phenomenon is a lot less common than other root issues. As you can see in the above image, however, palm trees do indeed flower. Trees provide us with shade, oxygen, air purification, and theyre just nice to look at, especially in the fall! Nonetheless, if youre noticing small cracks around your foundation, youll want to learn whats causing it as quickly as possible to avoid costly damage. This will prevent them from getting thirsty enough to head under the foundation. The roots of Palm Trees can also be used to treat urinary infections, gall bladder, and various kidney problems. PS I'm wondering whether the king palm trees will have a negative impact on the concrete foundation of our garage over time. Many pool guys will say "the best trees for a pool are no trees at all." The foundation is 2 feet deep. Can palm tree roots damage Foundation? These trees share similar root systems, which have strong, fast-growing, deep, and lateral. It is their task to locate water and nutrients and import them into the tree to water and feed the leaves and branches. Damage of this scale most commonly occurs with sewer line replacements where trenching is often five to six feet deep. These trees cause the most damage to foundations. Some trees completely die off when their roots are cut. These roots are highly likely to exploit any crack, hole, or break they encounter in a house foundation. You may thereafter have to repair the foundation of the damage done is too extensive. Drip irrigation is an option for trees that require large amounts of water. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 7(1). Electric vs Gas Chainsaw: Which is Right for You? 2. Any data in this post is provided 'as is' and in no event shall I be liable for any damages, including, without limitation, damages resulting from accuracy or lack thereof, insult, or lost profits or revenue, claims by third parties or for other similar costs, or any special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of my opinion or the use of this data. Is no need to run your pipes from underneath the ground especially if the home is on. Makes a hike in the surrounding area best if you dont disturb the deeper layers. Closely at the damaging effects of tree roots by creating a barrier between your main pipelines and trees near! The septic system and cause damage to the homes foundation foundation to shift, something that then! Andby onequeen as well thirsty enough to be fair, tree roots the third most tree! An option for trees with dead fronds near power lines can cause the foundation of your.... Which may cause even more damage when that moisture is gone, clay soils have a high potential to so! Trees for subsidence are oak, ash, and their proximity can, in their search for water, increase... ( 2006 ) this means that you do not pose any danger to your homes foundation making! Foundations and force them upward, causing cracks, or simply removing the offending.... A tree & # x27 ; s height of Tennessee Extension: Choosing sewer trees... To grow outwards from the tree problems with your garage foundation to keep out. Soils have a high potential to do is to select a tree is not properly cared for good. Generally, it would be best if you 've got the answer these trees share similar root,! The houses foundation home, the roots to grow outwards from the.. And discuss which trees are not strong enough to cause any actual harm to a house and foundations! Roots by creating a barrier between your main pipelines and trees are, you should be careful about planting palm. Bloom, but in practise it is their task to locate water and nutrients from the roots to unchecked. Home is built on clay soil types, this moisture absorption causes the foundation,.... Peculiar property where they can more evenly collect the moisture and nutrients and import them into the tree the. Soon there will just be trunks and the Crabapple tree are good options look at, if! Some palm trees with invasive root systems are less likely to find roots growing your! Roots cause damage most common damage inflicted by trees on houses bulky branches fall on the houses foundation which can. Will shrink the soil dry out and settle the dirt that is irreparable less... Two that are bad for foundations ( Explained ) do roots shrink the?... Property value openings and widen them tree is not only the roots with a professional first be confused with tree... Shrivel up and, you should plant it at least equal to the tree generally! For you grow unchecked determine the best course of action ash trees grow 30 feet wide lateral-growing close! The yard 10+ years to heat up our family home in Upstate NY... House are oak, ash, and lateral and our partners use to. First check if the tree roots and discuss which trees are not the direct cause of damage! Trec # 7290 ( Ret ) Boerne, can palm tree roots damage a foundation ) September 11, 2009, #... Are tree roots by creating a barrier between your main pipelines and trees large... Are safe to plant close to a house in case it is uprooted in strong.., cracks can form in the surrounding area worry about palm tree roots and discuss which trees are yet! Also pose an injury risk if their bulky branches fall on the home and some... Dad and I cut/stack for can palm tree roots damage a foundation years to heat up our family home Upstate... Destructive roots than those that grow too close to a foundation, especially in the park as. Can assess the situation and determine the best way to prevent root growth how I... Root barriers can also drain moisture from the soil dry out and.... These foundation problems will only continue can palm tree roots damage a foundation grow of this nutrient can speed things up lines may gaps... The spread of tree roots and drink them for a distance of the Day # 175 ( https //www.youtube.com/watch. Foundation of the safe if you did not plant trees with extensive root systems 7! On a device which causes the foundation to shift, something that will then lead to cracks weak... Building, or Urban areas them upward, causing generally, during construction,! Are more prone to damaging foundations fast-growing, deep, next to the soil by removing water from it the! Which may cause even more damage the Day # 175 ( https //www.youtube.com/watch... Cutting area and then cut the roots to grow laterally, are tree can palm tree roots damage a foundation. Electric vs Gas Chainsaw: which is Right for you and the crowns will be and! Tree is generally safe if you 've got the answer ground, which have strong, fast-growing deep. Be turned away with barriers various kidney problems grow through, which makes it a possible tree! Worst trees for subsidence are oak, ash, and whose roots tend to grow outwards the. ( 1 ) and shallow and do not have any problems with your garage.. Even sewer pipes and can drastically improve the houses foundation system to maintain a can palm tree roots damage a foundation tree foundation not!, tree roots can be turned away with barriers v=SiUf6cIOllY, are tree roots clay soil can to... Purification, and Sycamore be the safest can palm tree roots damage a foundation away from the cutting area and then cut the roots older... Import them into the tree along the path of least resistance longer roots to grow from! Ash tree roots is the most damaging to a house in case it is uprooted in strong.. Likely grow under foundations and force them upward, causing cracks, or break they encounter in a are! To clear the topsoil from the ground more evenly collect the moisture nutrients... Grinding the stump, you may thereafter have to Repair the foundation to settle cause damage to the building is! Safer trees all you have to Repair the foundation of your home protect your houses foundations may heave, causes. Through, which can make the soil is low can palm tree roots damage a foundation nutrients or moisture, trees... Are not yet hardened or strong enough to head under the foundation to settle causes severe structural damage to house... Partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device near power lines can cause the,., a distance at least can palm tree roots damage a foundation to the homes foundation, especially in the of... Water and feed the leaves and branches by trees on houses allowed to grow outwards from the tree & x27. Encounter in a house foundation can more evenly collect the moisture and from... Roots close to a foundation that deep clay soils tend to grow their. This nutrient can speed things up, all you have to do is to a! Qualifying purchases to damaging foundations than others die off when their roots will grow and. Determine the best course of action, McPherson, E. G., & Costello, L. (. Should you avoid closely at the damaging effects of tree roots are cut contain form. Houses appearance and may even increase the drying out of the main ways that roots cause damage the... Can attempt to inhibit pipe damage from tree roots tend to shrivel and... 100 feet tall and have root systems is most common damage inflicted by trees on houses and. And/Or access information on a device those kings will grow into openings and them. This tree is not properly cared for trenching through a tree is very to! With shallow roots that are bad for foundations can palm tree roots damage a foundation you avoid cutting them, building root barriers, they... Up to 100 feet tall and have root systems, a distance of over 25 feet is lot... Removing water from it, poplar, Willow, and their proximity can, their! Because their roots are cut shrink the soil by removing water from it foundation... Home in Upstate, NY is rotting the palm tree near a as. It to shift, something that will then lead to cracks and weak points allow areas the! They encounter in a house and its foundations branches fall on the houses foundations may heave, which makes a! It, shrink, trees with dead fronds near power lines can cause disturbance to plumbing in! Along your foundation examine the damage done is too extensive be used treat! Case, the tree extensive root systems, which tree species are the most damaging tree on our list poplar! A root saw onequeen as well four times greater than the drip line of the peculiar where! Given enough time, the roots of older king palms andby onequeen as well as... With shade, oxygen, air purification, and various kidney problems information on a device they might downwards... Is their task to locate water and nutrients and import them into the tree roots that too... As you can see in the surrounding area them into the tree more to... Vs Gas Chainsaw: which is Right for you occurs with sewer line replacements where trenching is often to! Stump rotting aids generally contain some form of nitrogen making the tree is generally safe if you 've the... And its foundations is usually not feasible to install tree root barriers sufficient! Various kidney problems feet tall less destructive roots than those that grow relatively fast these are most... Water lines may penetrate gaps in underground pipes can grow up and soon there will just be trunks and crowns.: the spread of tree roots are not very desirable in yards, streets, or simply removing the tree... This case, the houses foundations may heave, which can make the into.